Jurek Vidlářová Petra, Heviánková Silvie
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 19;18(8):4311. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084311.
Water pipe sediment removal should be implemented as an integral part of water mains maintenance in order to steadily supply consumers with drinking water of high quality. Considering the number of different water pipe sediment removal methods, the article aims to evaluate the currently used methods to remove water pipe sediment from the pipes of the drinking water distribution system. The evaluation compares the implementation requirements of each method as well as the quality and the quantity of the removed products. The tested methods were unidirectional flushing, Comprex, and Ice Pigging. The results of the comparison are expressed in terms of total suspended solids (TSS) recovery, metals mass concentration and water consumption. Since contamination can settle along the entire surface of the pipeline, it is most appropriate to recalculate the results per unit area of the pipeline. The results point at the following efficiency the Comprex method was the most efficient in removing TSS, Ice Pigging was the next and unidirectional flushing removed a negligible amount of TSS compared to the other two methods. The absolute recovery of TSS was 0.12-3.01 g·m in unidirectional flushing of plastic pipes, 1.58-8.54 g·m in unidirectional flushing of metal pipes, 4.36-47.53 g·m in Ice Pigging, and 5.19-69.23 g·m in Comprex. The composition of the sediment was strongly influenced by particle origin: Pipe material affected the crystalline phase of the sediment and the water source and the age of the pipe affected the amorphous phase of the sediment. Therefore, it was found that evaluation of efficiency based on the amount of TSS removed is only suitable for sites that meet the same conditions as pipe material, water source and ideally the pipe age. It has further been found that the Comprex method can be advantageously used in real conditions to clean pipes with insufficient hydraulic conditions (such as with a high level of incrustation), as the cleaning has low water flow velocity requirements.
为了持续向消费者稳定供应高品质饮用水，应将水管沉积物清除作为供水主管道维护的一个组成部分。鉴于水管沉积物清除方法多种多样，本文旨在评估当前用于清除饮用水分配系统管道中沉积物的方法。该评估比较了每种方法的实施要求以及清除产物的质量和数量。测试的方法包括单向冲洗、Comprex 和冰推清管。比较结果以总悬浮固体（TSS）回收率、金属质量浓度和耗水量表示。由于污染物可能沿管道整个表面沉降，因此按管道单位面积重新计算结果最为合适。结果表明以下效率：Comprex 方法在去除 TSS 方面效率最高，冰推清管次之，与其他两种方法相比，单向冲洗去除的 TSS 量可忽略不计。塑料管道单向冲洗中 TSS 的绝对回收率为 0.12 - 3.01 g·m，金属管道单向冲洗中为 1.58 - 8.54 g·m，冰推清管中为 4.36 - 47.53 g·m，Comprex 中为 5.19 - 69.23 g·m。沉积物的组成受颗粒来源的强烈影响：管道材料影响沉积物的晶相，水源和管道使用年限影响沉积物的非晶相。因此，发现基于去除的 TSS 量进行效率评估仅适用于与管道材料、水源以及理想情况下管道使用年限条件相同的场所。还发现，Comprex 方法可在实际条件下有利地用于清洁水力条件不足（如结垢严重）的管道，因为该清洁方法对水流速度要求较低。
