School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Nov;340:139849. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139849. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
Drinking water discoloration and its potential health risks (e.g., heavy metals, pathogens, carcinogenic organics) have aroused wide public concerns around the world, and the characteristics and corresponding cleaning techniques of pipe scales are one of the most important research fields closely related to people's lives and health. This Overview Article summarizes the latest research achievements about the new insights into the unlined cast iron pipe corrosion scale characteristics as well as the advanced cleaning techniques applied in drinking water distribution systems. The typical pollutants such as heavy metal ions, pathogens and disinfection by-products (DBPs) in pipe scales and the main cleaning techniques including unidirectional flushing (UDF), air scouring, ice pigging and guided ultrasonic waves (GUW) are categorized and elaborated. In the final part, the current challenges and future opportunities are also further discussed from the viewpoint of evolution process of pipe scales as well as the widespread application of advanced cleaning techniques. Moreover, the possible technical route for the innocent treatment and resource utilization of pipe scale waste is also proposed. It is anticipated that this review will attract more attention toward the in-depth study of pipe scales and their cleaning techniques to enjoy cleaner and healthier drinking water for people.
饮用水变色及其潜在的健康风险（例如重金属、病原体、致癌有机物）引起了全世界的广泛关注，而管垢的特征及其相应的清洁技术是与人们生活和健康最密切相关的最重要研究领域之一。本文综述了有关非衬里铸铁管腐蚀垢特征的新见解以及在饮用水分配系统中应用的先进清洁技术的最新研究成果。对管垢中的典型污染物（如重金属离子、病原体和消毒副产物（DBPs））以及主要的清洁技术（包括单向冲洗（UDF）、气冲刷、冰猪和导向超声波（GUW））进行了分类和阐述。最后，还从管垢的演化过程以及先进清洁技术的广泛应用的角度进一步讨论了当前的挑战和未来的机遇。此外，还提出了管垢废物无害化处理和资源化利用的可能技术路线。预计这篇综述将引起人们对管垢及其清洁技术的深入研究，以让人们享用更清洁、更健康的饮用水。
