Balmaceda J P, Gastaldi C, Ord T, Borrero C, Asch R H
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, Orange 92668.
Hum Reprod. 1988 May;3(4):441-3. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136724.
To date the main limitation of in-vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) programmes is that transcervical transfer of embryos results in a rate of low implantation. On the other hand, the technique of gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) does not contribute to information on oocyte fertilization rates, and the time of oocyte exposure to sperm may be limited. The development of ultrasonically guided follicular aspiration will allow transfer of embryos generated in vitro to the Fallopian tubes performing only one surgical procedure in the process. We have performed 25 intra-tubal embryo transfers in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Ovarian stimulation, follicular aspiration and IVF procedures have been reported previously by Balmaceda. ETs were performed via laparotomy. Embryos at the 2-, 4- or 9-cell stage were loaded into a tom-cat catheter in 5 microliter of culture medium and delivered to the mid-ampullary portion of the tube. Seven ETs performed during stimulated cycles resulted in one pregnancy, and 18 ETs performed in synchronized recipients resulted in six pregnancies. Ten ETs were performed 0-24 h, eight performed 24-48 h and seven performed 72-110 h after follicular aspiration or ovulation, and resulted in 4, 3 and 0 pregnancies respectively. Our results demonstrate that intra-tubal embryo transfer can result in normal intra-uterine pregnancies and suggest that both ovarian stimulation and cycle synchronization affect the probability of embryo implantation.
迄今为止，体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）方案的主要局限性在于经宫颈移植胚胎会导致着床率较低。另一方面，配子输卵管内移植（GIFT）技术无法提供有关卵母细胞受精率的信息，并且卵母细胞与精子接触的时间可能有限。超声引导下卵泡抽吸技术的发展将使得在体外产生的胚胎能够通过仅一次外科手术就被移植到输卵管中。我们已经在食蟹猴（猕猴）身上进行了25次输卵管内胚胎移植。Balmaceda之前已经报道过卵巢刺激、卵泡抽吸和体外受精程序。胚胎移植通过剖腹手术进行。处于2细胞、4细胞或9细胞阶段的胚胎被装入5微升培养基中的汤姆猫导管，并被输送到输卵管壶腹中部。在刺激周期中进行的7次胚胎移植导致1次妊娠，在同步受体中进行的18次胚胎移植导致6次妊娠。在卵泡抽吸或排卵后0至24小时进行了10次胚胎移植，24至48小时进行了8次，72至110小时进行了7次，分别导致4次、3次和0次妊娠。我们的结果表明，输卵管内胚胎移植可以导致正常的宫内妊娠，并表明卵巢刺激和周期同步都会影响胚胎着床的概率。
