Institute of Poultry, Birds, Small Animals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Viruses. 2021 Apr 19;13(4):707. doi: 10.3390/v13040707.
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute, highly contagious infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract in chickens and other poultry species that causes significant economic losses in countries worldwide. Between 2017 and 2019, seven outbreaks of mild to severe respiratory disorders with high suspicion of ILT occurred in commercial and backyard poultry flocks in Slovenia. In all submissions, infection with ILT virus (ILTV) was confirmed by PCR, which is the first report of ILT in Slovenia. Circulating ILT strains were characterized by the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of two fragments of the ICP4 gene. Four strains-three detected in non-vaccinated flocks and one in a flock vaccinated against ILT-were identical or very similar to the chicken embryo-origin live virus vaccines, and the other three were closely related to Russian, Chinese, Australian, and American field strains and to tissue culture origin vaccine strains. As in other diseases, coinfections with other respiratory pathogens in confirmed ILT cases may cause a more severe condition and prolong the course of the disease. In our study, coinfections with (7/7 tested flocks), infectious bronchitis virus (5/5 tested flocks), (4/7 tested flocks), (3/4 tested flocks), and avian pox virus (1/2 tested flocks) were confirmed, indicating the importance of these pathogens in the occurrence of ILT infections.
传染性喉气管炎（ILT）是一种急性、高度传染性的禽类上呼吸道疾病，可导致全球范围内的家禽养殖业遭受重大经济损失。2017 年至 2019 年期间，斯洛文尼亚商业和后院禽群中发生了七起疑似传染性喉气管炎的轻度至重度呼吸道疾病暴发。在所有提交的样本中，通过 PCR 证实了传染性喉气管炎病毒（ILTV）的感染，这是斯洛文尼亚首例传染性喉气管炎报告。通过 ICP4 基因的两个片段的序列和系统进化分析，对循环传染性喉气管炎株进行了特征描述。四种毒株中有三种在未接种疫苗的禽群中检测到，一种在接种了传染性喉气管炎疫苗的禽群中检测到，均与鸡胚源活疫苗相同或非常相似，另外三种与俄罗斯、中国、澳大利亚和美国田间株以及组织培养源疫苗株密切相关。与其他疾病一样，在确诊的传染性喉气管炎病例中与其他呼吸道病原体的合并感染可能导致病情更加严重，疾病持续时间延长。在我们的研究中，证实了（7/7 检测禽群）、传染性支气管炎病毒（5/5 检测禽群）、（4/7 检测禽群）、（3/4 检测禽群）和禽痘病毒（1/2 检测禽群）的合并感染，表明这些病原体在传染性喉气管炎感染中的重要性。
