评估一项教育干预措施，以改善生活在弱势社会经济条件下的儿童的健康生活习惯。

Assessment of an Educational Intervention to Improve Healthy Life Habits in Children Living in Vulnerable Socioeconomic Conditions.

机构信息

Nursing Faculty, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 23;18(9):4495. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094495.

DOI:10.3390/ijerph18094495

PMID:33922746

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8122981/

Abstract

Nutritional condition impacts academic performance and cognitive development. In Peru, the prevalence of chronic undernutrition in children is 6.9%, increasing the risk of mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to develop an educational intervention to achieve an improvement in the healthy habits of children in a primary education school in Lima who live in vulnerable socioeconomic conditions. We conducted a prospective quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test study of an educational intervention. The information was collected through the adaptation of the WHO questionnaire "Global School-based Student Health Survey" (GSHS), with anthropometric variables, socioeconomic level, hygiene and eating habits. One hundred eight students from 5 to 13 years old from Arenitas del Mar School in Lima (Peru) participated. The educational intervention improved eating habits. Fruit and vegetable consumption 3 or more times/day (50.9%) increased after the educational intervention (49% vs. 62.9%,) < 0.0001. There was an improvement in hygiene habits, such as the frequency of handwashing with soap (32.4% vs. 63.9%) and the frequency of weekly bathing 4-6 times/week (25% vs. 47.5%) < 0.0001. The educational intervention promoted better healthy living behaviors, eating habits and hygiene. This kind of initiative is a crucial tool to establish healthy living habits.

摘要

营养状况会影响学习成绩和认知发展。在秘鲁，儿童慢性营养不足的患病率为 6.9%，增加了死亡率和发病率的风险。本研究旨在开展一项教育干预，以改善利马一所弱势社会经济条件的小学儿童的健康习惯。我们进行了一项前瞻性准实验性预测试和后测试研究，以评估教育干预措施。通过适应世界卫生组织（WHO）的“全球学校学生健康调查”（GSHS）问卷收集信息，该问卷包含了人体测量学变量、社会经济水平、卫生和饮食习惯。来自秘鲁利马 Arenitas del Mar 学校的 108 名 5 至 13 岁的学生参与了该研究。教育干预改善了饮食习惯。食用水果和蔬菜 3 次或以上/天（50.9%）的比例在教育干预后增加（49%比 62.9%，<0.0001）。卫生习惯也有所改善，例如用肥皂洗手的频率（32.4%比 63.9%，<0.0001）和每周洗澡 4-6 次的频率（25%比 47.5%，<0.0001）。教育干预促进了更好的健康生活行为、饮食习惯和卫生习惯。这种干预措施是建立健康生活习惯的重要工具。