Diez-Canseco Francisco, Saavedra-Garcia Lorena
CRONICAS Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades Crónicas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú.
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2017 Jan-Mar;34(1):105-112. doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2017.341.2772.
In recent decades, overweight or obesity have increased dramatically in middle- and low-income countries; a situation which consolidates chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) as one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Currently, half the people in Peru over the age of 15 years are overweight, and one fifth suffer from obesity. The situation is worsening and increasingly affects people in poverty, who frequently benefit from food supplement programs designed to combat food insecurity and malnutrition. There is an urgent worldwide need to find policies and programs that help fight the problem of obesity at the population level, a task that is still pending. In this article, we review the current epidemic of overweight and obesity in Peru and the world and its most significant consequences and causes, with an emphasis on access to and availability of foods. We describe the largest food supplement programs and synthesize the research on interventions in order to reflect on how their findings might help social programs work as a platform to reduce obesity and prevent NCD in Peru.
近几十年来，中低收入国家的超重或肥胖现象急剧增加；这种情况使慢性非传染性疾病成为全球死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。目前，秘鲁15岁以上人口中有一半超重，五分之一患有肥胖症。情况正在恶化，且越来越多地影响到贫困人口，他们经常受益于旨在应对粮食不安全和营养不良问题的食品补充计划。全世界迫切需要找到有助于在人口层面解决肥胖问题的政策和计划，而这项任务仍未完成。在本文中，我们回顾了秘鲁和全球当前的超重和肥胖流行情况及其最重大的后果和成因，重点关注食品的获取和供应情况。我们描述了最大的食品补充计划，并综合了干预措施的研究，以便思考这些研究结果如何有助于社会计划成为秘鲁减少肥胖和预防非传染性疾病的平台。
