Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd., Changsha 410078, China.
Nutrients. 2021 Apr 25;13(5):1461. doi: 10.3390/nu13051461.
(1) Background: Whether early supplementation of probiotics to improve intestinal flora can effectively prevent eczema remains a controversial issue. We aimed to investigate the effect of a mixed strain of and on eczema in infants under three years old at present; (2) Methods: We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, as well as National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WeiPu (VIP), and WanFang Data (WanFang) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotics in the prevention of eczema in infants without language restriction. The main outcome was eczema incidence, while adverse events during the intervention constituted the secondary outcome. The random-/fixed-effects model was utilized to calculate the combined relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The methodological quality of the study was evaluated using the Cochrane "bias risk" tool. According to the initial intervention time, subgroup analysis was carried out, follow-up time, family history, etc.; (3) Results: Nine articles were selected (2093 infants). The and mixed strain could prevent eczema in infants under three years of age compared to the placebo (RR = 0.60; I = 67%; < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the mixture of two probiotic strains had preventive effects on both infants with positive (RR = 0.53; I = 52%; < 0.001) and negative (RR = 0.69; I = 62%; = 0.02) family history; The follow-up time for ≤12 months (RR = 0.65; I = 12%; = 0.01) and 12-24 months (RR = 0.60; I = 79%; = 0.003), daily dose of probiotics ≤ 1 × 10 and > 1 × 10 colony forming units all can be effective ( < 0.01); Compared with the intervention of infants alone (RR = 0.63; I = 63%; = 0.29), the effect of probiotics mixture at the beginning of pregnancy was more significant (RR = 0.59; I = 71%; < 0.001); Except for the mixture of () and () ( = 0.18), other subgroups of intervention group can play a preventive effect ( < 0.05); (4) Conclusions: The mixed strain of and can effectively reduce the incidence of eczema in infants under three years old. However, further research is needed to fully understand the exact mechanism of their effect on infant eczema.
(1) 背景：早期补充益生菌以改善肠道菌群是否能有效预防特应性皮炎仍存在争议。我们旨在研究目前三种混合菌株（）和（）对三岁以下婴儿特应性皮炎的影响；(2) 方法：我们检索了 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 以及中国知网（CNKI）、维普（VIP）和万方数据（WanFang）的数据库，检索了无语言限制的益生菌预防婴儿特应性皮炎的随机对照试验（RCT）。主要结局是湿疹发病率，干预期间的不良反应为次要结局。采用随机/固定效应模型计算合并相对风险（RR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。使用 Cochrane“偏倚风险”工具评估研究的方法学质量。根据初始干预时间、随访时间、家族史等进行亚组分析；(3) 结果：共纳入 9 项研究（2093 名婴儿）。与安慰剂相比，三种混合菌株（）和（）可预防三岁以下婴儿特应性皮炎（RR = 0.60；I = 67%；<0.001）。亚组分析显示，两种益生菌混合菌株对家族史阳性（RR = 0.53；I = 52%；<0.001）和阴性（RR = 0.69；I = 62%；= 0.02）的婴儿均有预防作用；随访时间≤12 个月（RR = 0.65；I = 12%；= 0.01）和 12-24 个月（RR = 0.60；I = 79%；= 0.003），益生菌每日剂量≤1×10 和>1×10 菌落形成单位均有效（<0.01）；与婴儿单独干预（RR = 0.63；I = 63%；= 0.29）相比，妊娠初期益生菌混合干预的效果更为显著（RR = 0.59；I = 71%；<0.001）；除干预组混合（）和（）（= 0.18）外，其他亚组均能发挥预防作用（<0.05）；(4) 结论：三种混合菌株（）和（）可有效降低三岁以下婴儿特应性皮炎的发病率。然而，需要进一步研究以充分了解其对婴儿特应性皮炎的确切作用机制。
