Kosová Klára, Klíma Miroslav, Prášil Ilja Tom, Vítámvás Pavel
Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 16106 Prague, Czech Republic.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Apr 16;10(4):789. doi: 10.3390/plants10040789.
Low temperatures in the autumn induce enhanced expression/relative accumulation of several cold-inducible transcripts/proteins with protective functions from Late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) superfamily including dehydrins. Several studies dealing with plants grown under controlled conditions revealed a correlation (significant quantitative relationship) between dehydrin transcript/protein relative accumulation and plant frost tolerance. However, to apply these results in breeding, field experiments are necessary. The aim of the review is to provide a summary of the studies dealing with the relationships between plant acquired frost tolerance and COR/LEA transcripts/proteins relative accumulation in cereals grown in controlled and field conditions. The impacts of cold acclimation and vernalisation processes on the ability of winter-type Triticeae to accumulate COR/LEA proteins are discussed. The factors determining dehydrin relative accumulation under controlled cold acclimation treatments versus field trials during winter seasons are discussed. In conclusion, it can be stated that dehydrins could be used as suitable indicators of winter survival in field-grown winter cereals but only in plant prior to the fulfilment of vernalisation requirement.
秋季的低温会诱导几种具有保护功能的冷诱导转录本/蛋白质的表达增强或相对积累，这些转录本/蛋白质来自包括脱水素在内的晚期胚胎丰富（LEA）超家族。几项针对在可控条件下生长的植物的研究揭示了脱水素转录本/蛋白质相对积累与植物抗冻性之间的相关性（显著的定量关系）。然而，要将这些结果应用于育种，田间试验是必要的。本综述的目的是总结有关在可控条件和田间条件下生长的谷物中，植物获得的抗冻性与COR/LEA转录本/蛋白质相对积累之间关系的研究。讨论了冷驯化和春化过程对冬性小麦族积累COR/LEA蛋白质能力的影响。讨论了在可控冷驯化处理与冬季田间试验中决定脱水素相对积累的因素。总之，可以说脱水素可以作为田间种植的冬性谷物冬季存活的合适指标，但仅适用于尚未满足春化要求的植物。
