Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, Dawida 1, 50-527 Wroclaw, Poland.
School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK.
Nutrients. 2021 Apr 20;13(4):1384. doi: 10.3390/nu13041384.
To limit the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), many countries have introduced mandated lockdown or social distancing measures. Although these measures may be successful against COVID-19 transmission, the pandemic and attendant restrictions are a source of chronic and severe stress and anxiety which may contribute to the emergence or worsening of symptoms of eating disorders and the development of negative body image. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to: (1) classify different conditions associated with COVID-19-related stress, COVID-19-related anxiety, and weight status; and (2) analyze and compare the severity of dimensions typically related to eating disorders symptomatology and body image in individuals with different COVID-19-related stress, COVID-19-related anxiety, and weight status. Polish women ( = 671, = 32.50 ± 11.38) completed measures of COVID-19-related stress and anxiety along with body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, and bulimia symptomatology subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory, and the appearance evaluation, overweight preoccupation, and body areas satisfaction subscales of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. The following four clusters were identified through cluster analysis: (a) Cluster 1 ( = 269), healthy body weight and low COVID-related stress ( = 3.06) and anxiety ( = 2.96); (b) Cluster 2 ( = 154), healthy body weight and high COVID-related stress ( = 5.43) and anxiety ( = 5.29); (c) Cluster 3 ( = 127), excess body weight and high COVID-related stress ( = 5.23) and anxiety ( = 5.35); (d) Cluster 4 ( = 121), excess body weight and low COVID-related stress ( = 2.69) and anxiety ( = 2.83). Our results showed that Clusters 3 and 4 had significantly greater body dissatisfaction and lower appearance evaluation and body areas satisfaction than Clusters 1 and 2. Cluster 3 also had a significantly higher level of drive for thinness, bulimia, and overweight preoccupation than Clusters 1 and 2. These preliminary findings may mean that the COVID-19 pandemic and attendant anxiety and stress caused by the pandemic are exacerbating symptoms of eating disorders and negative body image, with women with excess weight particularly at risk.
为了限制新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）的传播，许多国家都采取了强制性封锁或社会隔离措施。虽然这些措施可能对 COVID-19 的传播有效，但大流行及其带来的限制是慢性和严重压力和焦虑的来源，这可能导致饮食障碍症状的出现或恶化以及负面身体形象的产生。因此，在这项研究中，我们旨在：（1）对与 COVID-19 相关的压力、与 COVID-19 相关的焦虑以及体重状况相关的不同情况进行分类；（2）分析和比较不同与 COVID-19 相关的压力、与 COVID-19 相关的焦虑和体重状况的个体中与饮食障碍症状学和身体形象相关的严重程度。波兰女性（n=671，年龄=32.50±11.38）完成了与 COVID-19 相关的压力和焦虑以及身体不满、瘦身驱力和饮食障碍清单的贪食症症状分量表，以及多维身体-自我关系问卷的外表评价、超重困扰和身体部位满意度分量表。通过聚类分析确定了以下四个聚类：（a）聚类 1（n=269），健康体重和低 COVID 相关压力（=3.06）和焦虑（=2.96）；（b）聚类 2（n=154），健康体重和高 COVID 相关压力（=5.43）和焦虑（=5.29）；（c）聚类 3（n=127），超重和高 COVID 相关压力（=5.23）和焦虑（=5.35）；（d）聚类 4（n=121），超重和低 COVID 相关压力（=2.69）和焦虑（=2.83）。我们的结果表明，聚类 3 和 4 的身体不满程度明显高于聚类 1 和 2，外表评价和身体部位满意度明显低于聚类 1 和 2。聚类 3 的瘦身驱力、贪食症和超重困扰水平也明显高于聚类 1 和 2。这些初步发现可能意味着 COVID-19 大流行及其带来的焦虑和压力正在加剧饮食障碍和负面身体形象的症状，体重超重的女性尤其处于危险之中。
