Espinasse Adeline, Lembke Hannah K, Cao Angela A, Carlson Erin E
Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 208 Harvard Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA.
RSC Chem Biol. 2020 Dec 1;1(5):333-351. doi: 10.1039/d0cb00078g. Epub 2020 Sep 14.
Modified nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) are invaluable tools to probe bacterial enzymatic mechanisms, develop novel genetic material, and engineer drugs and proteins with new functionalities. Although the impact of nucleobase alterations has predominantly been studied due to their importance for protein recognition, sugar and phosphate modifications have also been investigated. However, NTPs are cell impermeable due to their negatively charged phosphate tail, a major hurdle to achieving live bacterial studies. Herein, we review the recent advances made to investigate and evolve bacteria and their processes with the use of modified NTPs by exploring alterations in one of the three moieties: the nucleobase, the sugar and the phosphate tail. We also present the innovative methods that have been devised to internalize NTPs into bacteria for applications.
修饰的核苷三磷酸（NTP）是探究细菌酶促机制、开发新型遗传物质以及设计具有新功能的药物和蛋白质的宝贵工具。尽管由于核碱基改变对蛋白质识别的重要性，其影响已得到广泛研究，但糖和磷酸修饰也已被研究。然而，NTP因其带负电荷的磷酸尾巴而无法穿透细胞，这是进行活细菌研究的主要障碍。在此，我们综述了利用修饰的NTP通过探索三个部分之一（核碱基、糖和磷酸尾巴）的改变来研究和改造细菌及其过程的最新进展。我们还介绍了为将NTP内化到细菌中以用于各种应用而设计的创新方法。
