矿区生态修复重度污染区氨氧化古菌和全程硝化菌的变化、分布与多样性
Variation, distribution, and diversity of canonical ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms and complete-nitrifying bacteria in highly contaminated ecological restoration regions in the Siding mine area.
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China; Innovation Institute of Sustainable Development, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
出版信息
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jul 1;217:112274. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112274. Epub 2021 Apr 27.
Canonical ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and complete-nitrifying bacteria (comammox) exist in a variety of ecosystems. However, little is known about AOA, AOB and comammox or their contributions to nitrification in the soils of heavily degraded and acidic mine regions. In the present study, the activity, richness, diversity and distribution patterns of AOA, AOB and comammox in the Siding mine area were investigated. Nemerow's multifactor pollution index (P) values indicated that the soil in all three areas in the Siding mine area was highly contaminated by Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn and Cu. The AOA, AOB and comammox amoA gene copy numbers exhibited significant positive correlations with Pb and Zn levels and P values, which indicated that the populations of AOA, AOB and comammox underwent adaptation and reproduction in response to pollution from multiple metals in the Siding mine area. Among them, the abundance of AOA was the highest, and AOA may survive better than AOB and comammox under such severely pollution-stressed and ammonia-limited conditions. The phyla Thaumarchaeota and Crenarchaeota may play vital roles in the soil ammonia oxidation process. Unlike AOA, AOB may use soil available phosphorus to help them compete for NH and other limiting nutrients with AOA and heterotrophs. Moreover, soil organic matter was the main factor influencing the species diversity of AOB, the β-diversity of AOB and comammox, and the community composition of AOA, AOB and comammox. Our research will help to explain the role and importance of AOA, AOB and comammox in the different ecological restoration regions in the Siding mine area.
规范的氨氧化古菌（AOA）、氨氧化细菌（AOB）和全程氨氧化菌（comammox）存在于多种生态系统中。然而，对于 AOA、AOB 和 comammox 及其在重度退化和酸性矿区土壤中的硝化作用贡献，人们知之甚少。本研究调查了司定矿区土壤中 AOA、AOB 和 comammox 的活性、丰富度、多样性和分布模式。Nemerow 多因子污染指数（P）值表明，司定矿区三个区域的土壤均受到 Cd、Pb、Zn、Mn 和 Cu 的高度污染。AOA、AOB 和 comammox amoA 基因拷贝数与 Pb 和 Zn 水平及 P 值呈显著正相关，这表明 AOA、AOB 和 comammox 种群在司定矿区多种金属污染的影响下，经历了适应和繁殖。其中，AOA 的丰度最高，AOA 可能比 AOB 和 comammox 在如此严重的污染胁迫和氨限制条件下更好地生存。Thaumarchaeota 和 Crenarchaeota 门可能在土壤氨氧化过程中发挥重要作用。与 AOA 不同，AOB 可能利用土壤有效磷来帮助它们与 AOA 和异养生物竞争 NH 和其他限制养分。此外，土壤有机质是影响 AOB 物种多样性、AOB 和 comammox 的 β 多样性以及 AOA、AOB 和 comammox 群落组成的主要因素。我们的研究将有助于解释 AOA、AOB 和 comammox 在司定矿区不同生态恢复区的作用和重要性。
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