Petry Clive J, Ong Ken K, Hughes Ieuan A, Dunger David B
Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
MRC Department of Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
BMC Res Notes. 2021 Apr 30;14(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s13104-021-05575-y.
Previously we observed that maternal multiple micronutrient supplementation in pregnancy was associated with increased offspring size at birth and adiposity, as well as with maternal gestational diabetes risk, in the Cambridge Baby Growth Study. In this study we therefore investigated whether folic acid supplementation specifically is associated with similar changes, to test the hypothesis that folic acid supplementation mediates such changes.
The majority of mothers who reported supplementing with folic acid in pregnancy (n = 776 in total, 526 of which took multiple micronutrient preparations) did so either from pre- (n = 139) or post-conception (n = 637) largely for all or just the first half of pregnancy. A minority of mothers (n = 198) reported not supplementing with folic acid. Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy was not associated with birth weight [β' = - 0.003, p = 0.9], height [β' = - 0.013, p = 0.6], head circumference [β' = 0.003, p = 0.09] or adiposity (ponderal index [β' = 0.020, p = 0.5], skinfolds thicknesses [β' = - 0.029 to + 0.008, p = 0.4-0.9]). Neither was it associated with the development of maternal gestational diabetes (risk ratio 1.2 [0.6‒2.2], p = 0.6). These results suggest that folic acid supplementation in pregnancy did not mediate the previously observed increases in offspring size at birth and adiposity, or the raised gestational diabetes risk, in response to supplementation with multiple micronutrients.
在剑桥婴儿生长研究中，我们之前观察到孕期母亲补充多种微量营养素与出生时后代体型增大、肥胖以及母亲患妊娠期糖尿病的风险增加有关。因此，在本研究中，我们调查了单独补充叶酸是否也与类似变化相关，以检验叶酸补充剂介导这些变化的假设。
大多数报告在孕期补充叶酸的母亲（总共776人，其中526人服用了多种微量营养素制剂）在怀孕前（139人）或怀孕后（637人）开始补充，大部分是在整个孕期或仅在孕早期补充。少数母亲（198人）报告未补充叶酸。孕期补充叶酸与出生体重[β' = -0.003，p = 0.9]、身高[β' = -0.013，p = 0.6]、头围[β' = 0.003，p = 0.09]或肥胖（体重指数[β' = 0.020，p = 0.5]、皮褶厚度[β' = -0.029至+0.008，p = 0.4 - 0.9]）均无关联。它也与母亲患妊娠期糖尿病的发生无关（风险比1.2 [0.6 - 2.2]，p = 0.6）。这些结果表明，孕期补充叶酸并未介导之前观察到的因补充多种微量营养素而导致的出生时后代体型增大和肥胖增加，或妊娠期糖尿病风险升高。
