Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing, Fujian Province, China.
School of Biology and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing, Fujian Province, China.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2021 Sep;23(5):777-784. doi: 10.1111/plb.13281. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Although copper is essential for plant growth and development and plays an important role in many physiological processes, excess copper, resulting from industrial development and population expansion in the recent decades, leads to environmental pollution and has been a cause of wide concern for the adverse effects on photosynthesis, metabolism and growth of plants. The growth properties (e.g. fresh weight, root length, height), photosynthetic properties (e.g. gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, chlorophyll content) and the physiological index (e.g. activity of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulators) of Eichhornia crassipes were assessed under various Cu concentrations in hydroponic experiments. The growth of E. crassipes was negatively affected by Cu treatments, especially at higher Cu concentrations; the Cu treatments resulted in decreased photosynthesis because of a decrease in leaf chlorophyll content and damage to PSII functions, except the oxygen-evolving complex. The physiological tolerance of E. crassipes to Cu relies on osmotic regulation, anti-lipid peroxidation and improved antioxidant properties. The results indicate that E. crassipes could be considered as a phytoremediation agent for Cu pollution in aquatic environments. However, the benefit of E. crassipes for Cu removal in a highly polluted aquatic environment will be limited, but it will be effective in remediating sites with low pollution (≤5 mg·l ). The present results could provide not only a basis for understanding the effects of pollutants on photosynthesis in plants under heavy metal stress but also provide a basis for choosing plants for phytoremediation.
虽然铜对植物的生长和发育是必需的，并且在许多生理过程中起着重要作用，但由于近几十年来工业发展和人口增长导致的过量铜会造成环境污染，对光合作用、代谢和植物生长的不利影响已引起广泛关注。本研究通过水培实验，在不同铜浓度下评估了凤眼莲的生长特性（如鲜重、根长、株高）、光合特性（如气体交换、叶绿素 a 荧光、叶绿素含量）和生理指标（如抗氧化酶和渗透调节剂的活性）。铜处理对凤眼莲的生长有负面影响，尤其是在较高铜浓度下；铜处理会降低光合作用，这是由于叶片叶绿素含量下降和 PSII 功能受损所致，但类囊体的放氧复合物未受影响。凤眼莲对铜的生理耐受性依赖于渗透调节、抗脂质过氧化和提高抗氧化特性。研究结果表明，凤眼莲可以被视为水生环境中铜污染的植物修复剂。然而，在高度污染的水生环境中，凤眼莲去除铜的益处将是有限的，但在污染较低的（≤5 mg·l）地点进行修复将是有效的。本研究结果不仅为理解重金属胁迫下植物光合作用受到污染物影响提供了依据，也为植物修复提供了选择植物的依据。
