Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Neuropsychologia. 2021 Jul 16;157:107866. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107866. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Conflict adaptation refers to the improved conflict control induced after experiencing conflict and is a prominent index of adaptive cognitive control. Reversal of conflict adaptation may be maladaptive and predictive of certain mental disorders. Here, we employed real-time functional near infrared spectroscopy-based neurofeedback training, with the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as the target brain area, to investigate whether reversal of conflict adaptation during a word-color Stroop task could be recovered to be normal. Healthy human individuals with reversal pattern of conflict adaptation in the pretest were randomly assigned into the experimental or control groups. Distributed training for 80 min led to greater improvements in the experimental group who received real neurofeedback compared to those in the control group who received sham neurofeedback. These results indicated causal evidence for understanding the generation of conflict adaptation and heighten the prospects of clinical application of neurofeedback training.
冲突适应是指经历冲突后改善的冲突控制，是适应性认知控制的一个突出指标。冲突适应的逆转可能是适应不良的，并可预测某些精神障碍。在这里，我们采用基于实时功能近红外光谱的神经反馈训练，以左背外侧前额叶皮层为目标脑区，来研究在单词-颜色 Stroop 任务中冲突适应的逆转是否可以恢复正常。在预测试中具有冲突适应逆转模式的健康个体被随机分配到实验组或对照组。实验组接受真正的神经反馈训练 80 分钟，对照组接受假神经反馈训练，结果显示实验组的训练效果明显优于对照组。这些结果为理解冲突适应的产生提供了因果证据，并提高了神经反馈训练的临床应用前景。
