Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2021 Jul;44(7):564-578. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.04.001. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Microglia are long-lived resident macrophages of the brain with diverse roles that span development, adulthood, and aging. Once thought to be a relatively homogeneous population, there is a growing recognition that microglia are highly specialized to suit their specific brain region. Cerebellar microglia represent an example of such specialization, exhibiting a dynamical, transcriptional, and immunological profile that differs from that of other microglial populations. Here we review the evidence that cerebellar microglia shape the cerebellar environment and are in turn shaped by it. We examine the roles microglia play in cerebellar function, development, and aging. The emerging findings on cerebellar microglia may also provide insights into disease processes involving cerebellar dysfunction.
小胶质细胞是大脑中长寿的常驻巨噬细胞，具有跨越发育、成年和衰老的多种作用。曾经被认为是一个相对同质的群体，现在越来越多的人认识到小胶质细胞高度特化以适应其特定的脑区。小脑小胶质细胞就是这种特化的一个例子，它们表现出不同的动态、转录和免疫特征，与其他小胶质细胞群体不同。在这里，我们回顾了小脑小胶质细胞塑造小脑环境的证据，以及它们反过来受到小脑环境影响的证据。我们研究了小胶质细胞在小脑功能、发育和衰老中的作用。小脑小胶质细胞的新发现也可能为涉及小脑功能障碍的疾病过程提供见解。
