Gil-Rodríguez Ana María, Garcia-Gutierrez Enriqueta
Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.
Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland.
Adv Appl Microbiol. 2021;114:37-72. doi: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2020.11.002. Epub 2020 Dec 13.
Yeasts and humans have had a close relationship for millenia. Yeast have been used for food production since the first human societies. Since then, alternative uses have been discovered. Nowadays, antibiotic resistance constitutes a pressing need worldwide. In order to overcome this threat, one of the most important strategies is the search for new antimicrobials in natural sources. Moreover, biopreservation based on natural sources has emerged as an alternative to more common chemical preservatives. Yeasts constitute an underexploited source of antagonistic activity against other microorganisms. Here, we compile a summary of the antagonistic activity of yeast origin against other yeast and other microorganisms, such as bacteria or parasites. We present the mechanisms of action used by yeasts to display these activities. We also provide applications of these antagonistic activities in food industry and agriculture, medicine and veterinary, where yeast promise to play a pivotal role in the near future.
数千年来，酵母与人类一直有着密切的关系。自人类社会伊始，酵母就被用于食品生产。从那时起，人们发现了酵母的其他用途。如今，抗生素耐药性已成为全球迫切需要解决的问题。为了克服这一威胁，最重要的策略之一是在天然来源中寻找新的抗菌剂。此外，基于天然来源的生物保鲜已成为更常见化学防腐剂的替代方法。酵母是一种未被充分利用的、对其他微生物具有拮抗活性的来源。在此，我们汇总了酵母来源的对其他酵母以及其他微生物（如细菌或寄生虫）的拮抗活性。我们阐述了酵母用于展现这些活性的作用机制。我们还介绍了这些拮抗活性在食品工业、农业、医学和兽医学中的应用，在这些领域酵母有望在不久的将来发挥关键作用。
