Crop Production Department, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 May 3;16(5):e0250293. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250293. eCollection 2021.
The scarcity of information on the maturation physiology of the peanut seed (Arachis hypogaea L.; Virgínia group) makes harvesting high quality seeds a challenge for the seed industry. During two consecutive crop seasons, we studied the acquisition of physiological quality of peanut seeds during maturation in tropical conditions. We bring new insights about the period of late maturation of seeds and the influence of the maternal environment on physiological quality. We monitored water content, dry weight, ability of germination, desiccation tolerance, vigor and longevity. In addition, we monitored temperature and precipitation throughout plant growth. We demonstrate that the physiological quality of peanut seeds is acquired during development, with a maximum between 57 and 76 days after flowering in the late stage of maturation. This final period represents about 25% of the development, considered the best time to harvest peanut seeds with the highest quality. Our findings also support the idea that the adequate proportion of rainfall and thermal sum in the maternal environment are factors that favor the acquisition of peanut seed longevity.
花生种子（Arachis hypogaea L.；Virgínia 组）成熟生理学方面的信息匮乏，这使得种子行业在收获高质量种子方面面临挑战。在两个连续的作物季节中，我们研究了在热带条件下花生种子在成熟过程中获得生理质量的情况。我们提供了有关种子后期成熟阶段以及母体环境对生理质量影响的新见解。我们监测了水分含量、干重、发芽能力、耐旱性、活力和活力维持力。此外，我们还监测了整个植物生长过程中的温度和降水。我们证明，花生种子的生理质量是在发育过程中获得的，在成熟后期开花后 57 至 76 天之间达到最大值。这个最后阶段代表了发育的大约 25%，是收获最高质量花生种子的最佳时间。我们的研究结果还支持以下观点，即母体环境中适当比例的降雨和热量总和是有利于花生种子活力维持力获得的因素。
