Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Microbiology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, Poland.
Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty Environment and Natural Sciences, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany.
Vet Microbiol. 2021 Jun;257:109095. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109095. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is associated with extraintestinal infections and the development of colibacillosis, causing high mortality in farm birds and extensive losses in the poultry industry worldwide. The virulence of APEC is a complex phenomenon associated with numerous mechanisms involving a variety of extracellular and intracellular structures to overcome host barriers. Initial bacterial attachment or adhesion to host cells is vital to bacterial pathogenesis and is determined by various adhesins. These proteins protect pathogens against possible host defense mechanisms, enabling the effective use of other virulence attributes. Considering this property, the current review provides a systematic and in-depth analysis of the latest information on adhesins analyzed in APEC strains. This review discusses in detail each of the adhesin types, such as fimbrial chaperone-usher, fimbrial curli, nonfimbrial and atypical adhesins, and their components, presenting an opportunity to gain a better understanding of different adhesins and mechanisms employed in pathogenesis. Additionally, the article scrutinizes and notes missing information and potential studies that need to be undertaken to develop a complete understanding of APEC adhesion.
禽致病性大肠杆菌（APEC）与肠道外感染和大肠杆菌病的发生有关，导致农场禽类死亡率高，并在全球范围内给家禽业造成巨大损失。APEC 的毒力是一种与多种机制相关的复杂现象，涉及多种细胞外和细胞内结构，以克服宿主的障碍。细菌最初与宿主细胞的附着或黏附对细菌的发病机制至关重要，这取决于各种黏附素。这些蛋白质可以保护病原体免受可能的宿主防御机制的影响，从而有效地利用其他毒力特性。鉴于这一特性，本综述对 APEC 菌株中分析的黏附素的最新信息进行了系统和深入的分析。本综述详细讨论了每种黏附素类型，如菌毛伴侣-usher、菌毛卷曲、非菌毛和非典型黏附素及其成分，为更好地了解发病机制中使用的不同黏附素和机制提供了机会。此外，本文还仔细审查并指出了缺失的信息和需要进行的潜在研究，以全面了解 APEC 的黏附性。
