Federal Goiano Institute - Campus Urutaí, Urutaí, Brazil.
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Sep;77(9):4181-4191. doi: 10.1002/ps.6455. Epub 2021 May 19.
The rice stalk stink bug Tibraca limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is one of the most important rice pests in Brazil. The search for cultivars that tolerate insect injury is necessary to complement other less aggressive methods of pest suppression. The combination of integrated pest management tactics will reduce insecticide applications and improve the safety of food production. Here, we tested the tolerance response of Xingu, Canela de Ferro and Primavera rice genotypes in glasshouse experiments. In addition, we measured tolerance expressed in a variety of physiological responses, including gas exchange rates, leaf chlorophyll content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification.
The results showed that the tolerance of the Primavera genotype to rice stalk stink bug damage was higher, due to (a) a lower reduction of photosynthetic activity, (41% reduction only 96 h after infestation) compared to Xingu and Canela de Ferro (56 and 65% reduction at 24 and 48 h after infestation, respectively); (b) the capacity to maintain the chlorophyll content after infestation, while Xingu and Canela de Ferro reduced their chlorophyll content to 20% and 25% at 72 and 48 h after infestation, respectively; (c) the antioxidative defense system being activated in the first 12 h after infestation, in which superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed an increase of 61% in its activity, and (d) the maintenance of its grain yield, number of panicles per plant, number of filled grains, and spikelets sterility.
Rice genotypes tolerant to herbivory can be identified by measuring the effect of injury and the plant's physiological response by evaluating attributes such as grain yield and its components, gas exchange, chlorophyll content and ROS detoxification. Therefore, the use of rice genotypes tolerant to stalk stink bugs as a component of integrated pest management has the potential to reduce upland rice yield loss.
稻绿蝽（半翅目：蝽科）是巴西最重要的水稻害虫之一。寻找能够耐受昆虫伤害的品种对于补充其他较不具侵略性的害虫防治方法是必要的。综合虫害管理策略的结合将减少杀虫剂的应用，并提高食品安全。在这里，我们在温室实验中测试了 Xingu、Canela de Ferro 和 Primavera 水稻基因型的耐虫性反应。此外，我们还测量了各种生理反应中的耐虫性表达，包括气体交换率、叶片叶绿素含量和活性氧（ROS）解毒。
结果表明，与 Xingu 和 Canela de Ferro 相比，Primavera 基因型对稻绿蝽伤害的耐受性更高，原因是：（a）光合作用活性降低较少（仅在侵染后 96 小时降低 41%），而 Xingu 和 Canela de Ferro 分别在侵染后 24 和 48 小时降低 56%和 65%；（b）侵染后能维持叶绿素含量，而 Xingu 和 Canela de Ferro 分别在侵染后 72 和 48 小时将其叶绿素含量降低到 20%和 25%；（c）侵染后 12 小时内抗氧化防御系统被激活，其中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性增加了 61%；（d）维持其谷物产量、每株穗数、饱满粒数和小穗不育率。
可以通过测量伤害的效果和植物的生理反应来鉴定对草食性有耐受性的水稻基因型，方法是评估谷物产量及其组成、气体交换、叶绿素含量和 ROS 解毒等属性。因此，将对稻绿蝽具有耐受性的水稻基因型作为综合虫害管理的一部分，有可能减少旱地水稻的产量损失。
