Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Turkey.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jul;146:110748. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.110748. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
Maternal hypertension and preeclampsia have been related to sensorineural hearing loss in newborns. To investigate potential connections, we compared newborn hearing screening (NHS) results from newborns of mothers with chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia with results from newborns of healthy controls. The present study is unique with regard to its large sample size and the analysis of the possible effects of three different hypertensive disorders on newborn hearing.
We retrospectively searched the database of our hospital for pregnant women diagnosed with chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia according to the International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnostic codes. The search covered the period from January 2010 to March 2020. NHS results were compared with those of newborns of healthy controls.
The auditory brainstem response (ABR) test results and categorical variables of infants of 146 women with preeclampsia, 71 women with chronic hypertension, and 10 women with eclampsia were compared with those of infants of 227 healthy women. Only the "bilateral pass" results were statistically significantly lower in the preeclampsia group in comparison to the control group (p = 0.036), but this was a temporary effect. Between the two groups, there was no significant difference in the second ABR (ABR refer) test.
There was a statistically significant difference between the preeclampsia and control groups only in the first ABR test. But, the ABR refer test results of these groups did not differ significantly. Therefore, we conclude that these temporary effects may be related to newborns being born prematurely and being small for their gestational age.
母体高血压和先兆子痫与新生儿感觉神经性听力损失有关。为了探究潜在的关联，我们比较了患有慢性高血压、先兆子痫和子痫的母亲所生新生儿与健康对照组新生儿的新生儿听力筛查（NHS）结果。本研究的独特之处在于其样本量大，并且分析了三种不同的高血压疾病对新生儿听力可能产生的影响。
我们根据国际疾病分类第十版（ICD-10）的诊断代码，对我院数据库中患有慢性高血压、先兆子痫和子痫的孕妇进行了回顾性搜索。搜索范围涵盖 2010 年 1 月至 2020 年 3 月期间。将 NHS 结果与健康对照组新生儿的结果进行了比较。
146 例先兆子痫孕妇、71 例慢性高血压孕妇和 10 例子痫孕妇的婴儿的听性脑干反应（ABR）测试结果和分类变量与 227 例健康妇女的婴儿进行了比较。仅在先兆子痫组中，双侧通过的结果与对照组相比统计学显著降低（p=0.036），但这是一种暂时的影响。两组间，第二次 ABR（ABR refer）测试结果无统计学差异。
仅在第一 ABR 测试中，先兆子痫组与对照组之间存在统计学显著差异。但是，这两组的 ABR refer 测试结果没有显著差异。因此，我们得出结论，这些暂时的影响可能与新生儿早产和出生时体重不足有关。
