Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
Department of Agricultural Engineering, UENF, Campos, Brazil.
Homeopathy. 2021 Nov;110(4):256-262. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1728665. Epub 2021 May 4.
Nosodes are homeopathic preparations (HPs) obtained from tissues or substances associated with the targeted disease or from culture of the pathogenic agent. Nosodes are thought to modulate host resistance, easing symptoms or promoting cure. A few studies have been published about control of plant-parasitic nematodes with HPs, but none with nosodes. Conceptually, nosodes prepared from nematode infective stages might interact with the plant's pathogen-recognition system and initiate or modulate plant resistance to nematodes.
Our goal was to investigate whether nosodes prepared from second-stage juveniles (J) of can affect the moderate resistance already existing in the lettuce cultivar 'Elisa'.
Nosodes at the Hahnemannian concentrations (cH) 6, 18, 30 and 42 were applied on lettuce plants through irrigation, with a constant daily dosage. The nosode treatment started at the seedling stage, before nematode inoculation with 3,000 eggs + J per plant. A series of absolute and relative controls, and 10 replicates per treatment, were employed. At harvest, variables related to plant growth and nematode reproduction were assessed.
The nosode at 6, 18, and 30cH reduced ( <0.05) the nematode reproduction factor and root density. The nosode effect was cH-dependent since nematode reproduction was favored by treatment with 42cH. The nosode also affected ( <0.05) lettuce roots, which presented higher or lower fresh weight and volume depending on the cH applied and the condition-parasitized or not.
Nosodes obtained from J may affect plant parasitism by nematodes, possibly by interfering with plant resistance. The nature-positive or negative-and intensity of the nosode effect depends on the cH applied to the plants. Further studies are necessary to identify which cH values are more effective in reducing nematode reproduction without causing negative side effects on plant growth.
顺势疗法制剂（HPs）是从目标疾病相关的组织或物质或从病原体培养物中获得的。顺势疗法制剂被认为可以调节宿主的抵抗力，缓解症状或促进治愈。已经发表了一些关于使用 HPs 控制植物寄生线虫的研究，但没有关于顺势疗法制剂的研究。从理论上讲，从线虫感染阶段制备的顺势疗法制剂可能与植物的病原体识别系统相互作用，从而引发或调节植物对线虫的抗性。
我们的目标是研究从第二阶段幼虫（J）制备的顺势疗法制剂是否会影响生菜品种“Elisa”中已存在的中度抗性。
通过灌溉将 Hahnemannian 浓度（cH）为 6、18、30 和 42 的顺势疗法制剂应用于生菜植株，每日剂量恒定。在每个植株接种 3000 个卵+J 线虫之前，从幼苗期开始进行顺势疗法制剂处理。采用了一系列绝对和相对对照，每个处理 10 个重复。收获时，评估与植物生长和线虫繁殖相关的变量。
浓度为 6、18 和 30cH 的顺势疗法制剂降低了（<0.05）线虫繁殖系数和根密度。顺势疗法制剂的效果取决于 cH，因为用 42cH 处理有利于线虫繁殖。顺势疗法制剂还影响了（<0.05）生菜根，具体取决于应用的 cH 和根的状态（是否被寄生），根的鲜重和体积更高或更低。
从 J 获得的顺势疗法制剂可能通过干扰植物抗性来影响植物的寄生性。顺势疗法制剂的性质（积极或消极）和强度取决于施加于植物的 cH 值。需要进一步的研究来确定哪些 cH 值更有效地减少线虫繁殖而不会对植物生长产生负面影响。
