Rapado-González Óscar, López-Cedrún José Luis, López-López Rafael, Rodríguez-Ces Ana María, Suárez-Cunqueiro María Mercedes
Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Medicine and Dentistry School, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2021 Apr 29;10(9):1931. doi: 10.3390/jcm10091931.
Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process characterized by a summation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations in key regulatory genes. The silencing of genes by aberrant promoter hypermethylation is thought to be an important epigenetic event in cancer development and progression which has great potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis, tumor molecular subtyping, prognosis, monitoring, and therapy. Aberrant DNA methylation has been detected in different liquid biopsies, which may represent a potential alternative to solid biopsies. The detection of methylated genes in saliva may have clinical application for noninvasive oral cancer screening and early diagnosis. Here, we review the current evidence on gene promoter hypermethylation in saliva.
口腔癌发生是一个多步骤过程，其特征是关键调控基因中多种遗传和表观遗传改变的累积。异常的启动子高甲基化导致基因沉默被认为是癌症发生和发展过程中的一个重要表观遗传事件，作为早期诊断、肿瘤分子分型、预后、监测和治疗的生物标志物具有巨大潜力。在不同的液体活检中已检测到异常DNA甲基化，这可能是实体活检的一种潜在替代方法。检测唾液中的甲基化基因可能在无创口腔癌筛查和早期诊断中具有临床应用价值。在此，我们综述了目前关于唾液中基因启动子高甲基化的证据。
