Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Biomolecules. 2021 Apr 29;11(5):660. doi: 10.3390/biom11050660.
The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a large family of cell-surface receptors, which are essential components of signal transduction pathways. There are more than fifty human RTKs that can be grouped into multiple RTK subfamilies. RTKs mediate cellular signaling transduction, and they play important roles in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. The dysregulation of RTK signaling is related to various human diseases, including cancers. The proteolytic cleavage phenomenon has frequently been found among multiple receptor tyrosine kinases. More and more information about proteolytic cleavage in RTKs has been discovered, providing rich insight. In this review, we summarize research about different aspects of RTK cleavage, including its relation to cancer, to better elucidate this phenomenon. This review also presents proteolytic cleavage in various members of the RTKs.
受体酪氨酸激酶（RTKs）是细胞表面受体的一个大家族，是信号转导途径的重要组成部分。人类中有超过五十种 RTK，可以分为多个 RTK 亚家族。RTKs 介导细胞信号转导，在调节许多细胞过程中发挥着重要作用。RTK 信号转导的失调与包括癌症在内的多种人类疾病有关。蛋白水解切割现象在多种受体酪氨酸激酶中经常被发现。越来越多关于 RTK 蛋白水解切割的信息被发现，提供了丰富的见解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 RTK 切割的不同方面的研究，包括它与癌症的关系，以更好地阐明这一现象。这篇综述还介绍了 RTKs 中不同成员的蛋白水解切割。
