Tugault-Lafleur Claire N, González Olivia De-Jongh, O'Connor Teresia M, Hughes Sheryl O, Mâsse Louise C
Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 1Y1, Canada.
School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, F508-4490 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021 May 4;18(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12966-021-01119-6.
Food parenting practices (FPP) can affect children's eating behaviours, yet little is known about how various FPP co-occur. The primary aim was to identify profiles of FPPs use among Canadian parents. Secondary aims included examining sociodemographic correlates of FPP profiles and evaluating whether children's eating behaviours differed across FPP profiles.
Parents (n = 799) of 5-12-year-old children completed a validated FPP Item Bank and the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to identify distinct FPP profiles. Regression analyses were used to explore associations between FPP profiles, sociodemographic variables (race, sex and education) and children's eating behaviours (emotional overeating, food responsiveness, food fussiness and satiety responsiveness).
LCA revealed 6 FPP profiles: healthy eating environment, high engagement, reactive, high structure, controlling and low engagement. Relative to their non-White counterparts, White parents were more likely to belong in the healthy eating environment, high structure and low engagement profiles. Relative to fathers, mothers were more likely to fall in the healthy eating environment compared to low engagement profile. Parents with some post-secondary education were more likely to belong in the healthy eating environment, high structure and reactive profiles compared to the controlling profile. Emotional overeating and food responsiveness scores were lowest for healthy eating environment, high structure, low engagement profiles. Parents in the healthy eating environment profile also reported lower food fussiness scores compared to parents in the high engagement, high structure, reactive and controlling profiles.
Findings suggest that a continuum of 6 FPP profiles may be present among Canadian parents, representing parents who use either all (high engagement), some (healthy eating environment, reactive, high structure, controlling) or little (low engagement) of the FPP examined. Future longitudinal research should evaluate how various FPP profiles influence the development of children's eating behaviors, dietary intakes and weight status.
食物养育方式（FPP）会影响儿童的饮食行为，但对于各种FPP如何同时出现却知之甚少。主要目的是识别加拿大父母中FPP使用的模式。次要目的包括研究FPP模式的社会人口统计学相关因素，并评估儿童的饮食行为在不同FPP模式下是否存在差异。
5至12岁儿童的父母（n = 799）完成了一份经过验证的FPP项目库和儿童饮食行为问卷。潜在类别分析（LCA）用于识别不同的FPP模式。回归分析用于探讨FPP模式、社会人口统计学变量（种族、性别和教育程度）与儿童饮食行为（情绪性暴饮暴食、食物反应性、食物挑剔和饱腹感反应性）之间的关联。
LCA揭示了6种FPP模式：健康饮食环境、高参与度、反应性、高结构化、控制性和低参与度。与非白人父母相比，白人父母更有可能属于健康饮食环境、高结构化和低参与度模式。与父亲相比，母亲更有可能属于健康饮食环境模式而非低参与度模式。与控制性模式相比，接受过一些高等教育的父母更有可能属于健康饮食环境、高结构化和反应性模式。健康饮食环境、高结构化、低参与度模式下的情绪性暴饮暴食和食物反应性得分最低。与高参与度、高结构化、反应性和控制性模式下的父母相比，健康饮食环境模式下的父母报告的食物挑剔得分也较低。
研究结果表明，加拿大父母中可能存在6种连续的FPP模式，代表了使用所研究的全部（高参与度）、部分（健康饮食环境、反应性、高结构化、控制性）或很少（低参与度）FPP的父母。未来的纵向研究应评估各种FPP模式如何影响儿童饮食行为、饮食摄入量和体重状况的发展。
