Igarashi Yutaka, Matsumoto Narumi, Kubo Tatsuhiko, Yamaguchi Masahiro, Nakae Ryuta, Onda Hidetaka, Yokobori Shoji, Koido Yuichi, Yokota Hiroyuki
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Faculty of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2022 Jun;16(3):1253-1258. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2021.31. Epub 2021 May 5.
We conducted a systematic review to determine the prevalence and characteristics of earthquake-associated head injuries for better disaster preparedness and management.
We searched for all publications related to head injuries and earthquakes from 1985 to 2018 in MEDLINE and other major databases. A search was conducted using "earthquakes," "wounds and injuries," and "cranio-cerebral trauma" as a medical subject headings.
Included in the analysis were 34 articles. With regard to the commonly occurring injuries, earthquake-related head injury ranks third among patients with earthquake-related injuries. The most common trauma is lower extremity (36.2%) followed by upper extremity (19.9%), head (16.6%), spine (13.1%), chest (11.3%), and abdomen (3.8%). The most common earthquake-related head injury was laceration or contusion (59.1%), while epidural hematoma was the most common among inpatients with intracranial hemorrhage (9.5%) followed by intracerebral hematoma (7.0%), and subdural hematoma (6.8%). Mortality rate was 5.6%.
Head injuries were found to be a commonly occurring trauma along with extremity injuries. This knowledge is important for determining the demands for neurosurgery and for adequately managing patients, especially in resource-limited conditions.
我们进行了一项系统评价，以确定与地震相关的头部损伤的患病率和特征，从而更好地做好灾害准备和管理工作。
我们在MEDLINE和其他主要数据库中检索了1985年至2018年所有与头部损伤和地震相关的出版物。使用“地震”、“创伤和损伤”以及“颅脑创伤”作为医学主题词进行检索。
纳入分析的有34篇文章。关于常见损伤，地震相关头部损伤在地震相关损伤患者中排名第三。最常见的创伤是下肢（36.2%），其次是上肢（19.9%）、头部（16.6%）、脊柱（13.1%）、胸部（11.3%）和腹部（3.8%）。最常见的地震相关头部损伤是撕裂伤或挫伤（59.1%），而硬膜外血肿是颅内出血住院患者中最常见的（9.5%），其次是脑内血肿（7.0%）和硬膜下血肿（6.8%）。死亡率为5.6%。
发现头部损伤与肢体损伤一样是常见的创伤。这一认识对于确定神经外科需求以及妥善管理患者非常重要，尤其是在资源有限的情况下。
