Khoshnamvand Nahid, Azizi Nahid, Hassanvand Mohammad Sadegh, Shamsipour Mansour, Naddafi Kazem, Oskoei Vahide
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 May 4. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-14148-2.
Exposure to lead can cause adverse health problems incorporating hypophosphatemia, heart and liver disease, cancers, neurological and cardiovascular diseases, central nervous disorders, and sensory disorders. This study investigated the blood lead level in the general Iranian population with environmental exposure to lead. In the presented systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors searched Iranian dataset, including Magiran, SID, Iranmedex, and Nopa, and the main dataset, comprising PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, all available articles until 12 January 2019, and extracting 55 studies (with 63 data for analysis) to a meta-analysis. A comprehensive meta-analysis software, pooled standard deviation, mean, sample size, and the utterly random effects model was analyzed in this study. The results showed that the overall mean BLL (95% CI) in total inquiries was 6.41 μg/dL (5.96 to 6.87). Besides, the results for gender and age subgroups were as follows: mean BLL, 6.47 μg/dL, 95% CI, 5.79, to 7.15, mean BLL, 6.44 μg/dL, 95% CI, 5.96, to 6.91, respectively. Conclusively the mean BLL in the Iranian population was higher than the recommended level by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Results indicated that the mean BLL in men and adults was more elevated than in women and children, respectively. Therefore, BLL monitoring and screening of the general Iranian population are is necessary to determine a reference value.
接触铅会导致不良健康问题，包括低磷血症、心脏和肝脏疾病、癌症、神经和心血管疾病、中枢神经紊乱以及感觉障碍。本研究调查了伊朗普通人群因环境接触铅而导致的血铅水平。在本系统评价和荟萃分析中，作者检索了伊朗数据集，包括Magiran、SID、Iranmedex和Nopa，以及主要数据集，包括PubMed、Scopus、Embase和Web of Science，检索截至2019年1月12日的所有可用文章，并提取55项研究（63个数据用于分析）进行荟萃分析。本研究使用了一个综合荟萃分析软件，分析了合并标准差、均值、样本量以及完全随机效应模型。结果显示，所有调查中的总体平均血铅水平（95%置信区间）为6.41μg/dL（5.96至6.87）。此外，性别和年龄亚组的结果如下：平均血铅水平分别为6.47μg/dL，95%置信区间为5.79至7.15；平均血铅水平为6.44μg/dL，95%置信区间为5.96至6.91。总之，伊朗人群的平均血铅水平高于美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）推荐的水平。结果表明，男性和成年人的平均血铅水平分别高于女性和儿童。因此，有必要对伊朗普通人群进行血铅水平监测和筛查，以确定参考值。
