Department of Neurological Diagnosis and Restoration, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Department of Neurosurgery, Otemae Hospital, Chuo-ku Otemae 1-5-34, Osaka, Osaka, 540-0008, Japan.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2021 Jun;8(6):1224-1238. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51344. Epub 2021 May 5.
Swallowing is a unique movement due to the indispensable orchestration of voluntary and involuntary movements. The transition from voluntary to involuntary swallowing is executed within milliseconds. We hypothesized that the underlying neural mechanism of swallowing would be revealed by high-frequency cortical activities.
Eight epileptic participants fitted with intracranial electrodes over the orofacial cortex were asked to swallow a water bolus and cortical oscillatory changes, including the high γ band (75-150 Hz) and β band (13-30 Hz), were investigated at the time of mouth opening, water injection, and swallowing.
Increases in high γ power associated with mouth opening were observed in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) with water injection in the lateral central sulcus and with swallowing in the region along the Sylvian fissure. Mouth opening induced a decrease in β power, which continued until the completion of swallowing. The high γ burst of activity was focal and specific to swallowing; however, the β activities were extensive and not specific to swallowing. In the interim between voluntary and involuntary swallowing, swallowing-related high γ power achieved its peak, and subsequently, the power decreased.
We demonstrated three distinct activities related to mouth opening, water injection, and swallowing induced at different timings using high γ activities. The peak of high γ power related to swallowing suggests that during voluntary swallowing phases, the cortex is the main driving force for swallowing as opposed to the brain stem.
吞咽是一种独特的运动，需要自主运动和非自主运动的协调。从自主到非自主吞咽的转变是在毫秒内完成的。我们假设吞咽的潜在神经机制将通过高频皮质活动来揭示。
8 名接受颅内电极植入治疗的癫痫患者被要求吞咽一口水，在口腔张开、注水和吞咽时，研究了皮质振荡变化，包括高 γ 带（75-150 Hz）和 β 带（13-30 Hz）。
在外侧中央沟的注水和沿西尔维恩裂沟的吞咽时，观察到与口腔张开相关的 VLPFC 中高 γ 功率增加。口腔张开引起 β 功率降低，一直持续到吞咽完成。高 γ 爆发活动是局灶性的，特异性地与吞咽有关；然而，β 活动广泛，但不特异性地与吞咽有关。在自主和非自主吞咽之间的过渡期间，吞咽相关的高 γ 功率达到峰值，随后功率降低。
我们使用高 γ 活动证明了与口腔张开、注水和吞咽相关的三个不同活动，这些活动在不同的时间点诱发。与吞咽相关的高 γ 功率峰值表明，在自愿吞咽阶段，大脑皮层是吞咽的主要驱动力，而不是脑干。
