Straznicky C, Straznicky I T
Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide.
Anat Embryol (Berl). 1988;178(2):143-53. doi: 10.1007/BF02463648.
Retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was used to characterise the soma and dendritic arborization of retinal ganglion cells in adult Xenopus laevis toad. HRP was administered to the cut end of the optic nerve and the morphological characteristics of HRP-filled ganglion cells were analysed in retinal wholemount preparations using computer assisted morphometry. Ganglion cells were classified according to their soma size, dendritic branching pattern, dendritic field and the number of shaft dendrites. Ganglion cells were divided into 3 major classes on the basis of soma sizes and extent of dendritic field: large (soma size, mean 258.04 micron 2 +/- 52.03 SD; dendritic field size 0.104 mm2 +/- 0.23), medium size (126.7 micron 2 +/- 37.01; 0.041 mm2 +/- 0.013) and small (87.3 micron 2 +/- 22.69; 0.0061 mm2 +/- 0.0035). A more detailed analysis allowed 12 morphologically distinct subgroups to be identified (Types I-XII). Quantitative studies showed that large cells comprise about 1%, medium size about 8-9% and the small cells over 90% of total ganglion cell population. The number of large and medium size ganglion cells corresponded well with the number of myelinated optic fibres and the number of small neurons with the number of unmyelinated optic fibres in the optic nerve. Large ganglion cells were correlated with Class 4 and 5, medium size ganglion cells with Class 3 and small ganglion cells with Class 1 and 2 functionally characterized ganglion cells in the frog retina (Maturana et al. 1960). The retinal distribution of large ganglion cells appear to suggest certain similarities to mammalian alpha type ganglion cells.
利用辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）逆行运输法对成年非洲爪蟾视网膜神经节细胞的胞体和树突分支进行了表征。将HRP注入视神经的切断端，并在视网膜整装标本中使用计算机辅助形态测量法分析HRP填充的神经节细胞的形态特征。根据神经节细胞的胞体大小、树突分支模式、树突野和轴突树突的数量进行分类。根据胞体大小和树突野范围，神经节细胞分为3大类：大细胞（胞体大小，平均258.04平方微米±52.03标准差；树突野大小0.104平方毫米±0.23）、中细胞（126.7平方微米±37.01；0.041平方毫米±0.013）和小细胞（87.3平方微米±22.69；0.0061平方毫米±0.0035）。更详细的分析确定了12个形态上不同的亚组（I - XII型）。定量研究表明，大细胞约占神经节细胞总数的1%，中细胞约占8 - 9%，小细胞超过90%。大、中细胞的数量与视神经中有髓鞘的视神经纤维数量相当，小神经元的数量与视神经中无髓鞘的视神经纤维数量相当。在蛙视网膜中，大神经节细胞与4类和5类功能特征性神经节细胞相关，中神经节细胞与3类相关，小神经节细胞与1类和2类相关（马图拉纳等人，1960年）。大神经节细胞的视网膜分布似乎与哺乳动物的α型神经节细胞有某些相似之处。
