成年人的营养状况和代谢风险：与 ESQUADA 评估的饮食质量的关系。

Nutritional status and metabolic risk in adults: association with diet quality as assessed with ESQUADA.

机构信息

Universidade Federal do Piauí - Picos (PI), Brasil.

Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.

出版信息

Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2021 May 3;24:e210019. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720210019. eCollection 2021.

DOI:10.1590/1980-549720210019

PMID:33950140

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the association between diet quality assessed with the Diet Quality Scale (ESQUADA) and the nutritional status and metabolic risk in adults.

METHODS

The data included 1,147 adults aged 20 to 59, from the population-based study with complex sampling. Weight, height, tricipital (TSF) and subscapular (SSF) skinfolds, and waist (WC) and mid-arm (MAC) circumferences were measured. Body mass index (BMI) and mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) were calculated. Nutritional status and metabolic risk were classified considering BMI and WC values, respectively. Diet quality was assessed with ESQUADA. Data were collected at household using the Epicollect5 application. Diet quality (in scores) was analyzed as continuous data and later categorized. The confidence interval was used for comparison between groups, Fisher's exact test for an association study. Adjusted multiple linear regression models were also estimated. P < 0.05 was adopted for statistical significance.

RESULTS

Overweight prevailed in 60.33% of individuals, especially among women (60.73%). High or very high metabolic risk was more frequent among women with "very good or excellent" diet quality. Higher diet quality score was associated with a reduction in TSF (β = -0.07; 95%CI -0.13 - -0.01) and an increase in MAMC (β = 0.09; 95%CI 0.00 - 0,18) in men and the reduction in weight (β = -0.04; 95%CI -0.07 - -0.01), SSF (β = -0.07; 95%CI -0.13 - -0,00) and WC in women (β = -0.06; 95%CI -0.09 - -0.02).

CONCLUSION

A better diet quality is positively associated with lean mass in men, and negatively with fat mass in men and women.

摘要

目的

分析用饮食质量量表（ESQUADA）评估的饮食质量与成年人营养状况和代谢风险之间的关系。

方法

数据来自基于人群的复杂抽样研究，共包括 1147 名 20 至 59 岁的成年人。测量体重、身高、三头肌（TSF）和肩胛下（SSF）皮褶厚度以及腰围（WC）和上臂中部（MAC）周长。计算体重指数（BMI）和上臂中部肌肉周长（MAMC）。根据 BMI 和 WC 值分别对营养状况和代谢风险进行分类。用 ESQUADA 评估饮食质量。使用 Epicollect5 应用程序在家中收集数据。饮食质量（得分）作为连续数据进行分析，然后进行分类。使用置信区间比较组间差异，使用 Fisher 确切检验进行关联研究。还估计了调整后的多元线性回归模型。P<0.05 为统计学意义。

结果

60.33%的个体超重，尤其是女性（60.73%）。代谢风险高或很高的女性中，饮食质量“非常好或极好”的比例更高。较高的饮食质量评分与男性 TSF 减少（β=-0.07；95%CI-0.13 至-0.01）和 MAMC 增加（β=0.09；95%CI0.00 至 0.18）相关，与女性体重减轻（β=-0.04；95%CI-0.07 至-0.01）、SSF 减少（β=-0.07；95%CI-0.13 至-0.00）和 WC 减少（β=-0.06；95%CI-0.09 至-0.02）相关。