Schwob Jean-Marc, Miauton Alix, Hostettler Maxime, Thabard Julien, Genton Blaise, D'acremont Valérie
Policlinique de médecine tropicale, voyages et vaccinations, Unisanté, 1015 Lausanne.
Rev Med Suisse. 2021 May 5;17(737):862-865.
The need to curb the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the community and to diagnose those at risk of developing complications implies that an appropriate test should be chosen according to the epidemiological and clinical context. Rapid antigen tests, either nasopharyngeal or nasal, have the advantage of reflecting contagiousness better than PCR and giving an immediate result, reason why they are used as first-line for community diagnosis and screening. A rapid test allows immediate management of outpatients and does not falsely attribute the current acute episode to a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. PCR, whether nasopharyngeal or buccosalivary, is useful for epidemiological surveillance, including that of new variants, as well as identification of severe COVID in the post-infectious phase.
遏制严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）在社区中的传播以及诊断有发生并发症风险的人群，这意味着应根据流行病学和临床背景选择合适的检测方法。鼻咽或鼻腔快速抗原检测的优点是比聚合酶链反应（PCR）能更好地反映传染性，且能立即得出结果，正因如此，它们被用作社区诊断和筛查的一线检测方法。快速检测可对门诊患者进行即时管理，且不会将当前急性发作错误归因于既往的SARS-CoV-2感染。PCR检测，无论是鼻咽拭子还是口咽唾液检测，对于流行病学监测，包括新型变体的监测，以及在感染后阶段识别重症冠状病毒病都很有用。
