British Psychoanalytic Society, London.
Training Analyst and Former Director of Training, Italian Psychoanalytic Association, Italy.
Int J Psychoanal. 2020 Dec;101(6):1106-1135. doi: 10.1080/00207578.2020.1837630. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
Psychoanalytic training has been an object of controversy for many years. Arguments have been intense about the details, sometimes called "requirements", and particularly over whether or not training institutes should have routine external validation. We describe these arguments and present preliminary conclusions about the core challenges psychoanalytic trainings face using a unique set of detailed observations collected during structured "conversations" inside nine European institutes. We conclude that whether a psychoanalytic training is "working" is not a matter of compliance with requirements. Rather, it is an issue of how candidates, training analysts, supervisors and committee members, confront within and between each other the consequences of the unconscious dynamics that psychoanalytic training must inevitably create. Institutional psychoanalytic capacity is to take itself as the object. Consequentially, we propose that training committees that seek to claim that their psychoanalytic training is genuinely and safely producing psychoanalysts would be ones that institute routine procedures to show to themselves, transparently, how they attend to the dynamics just mentioned and how they take a neutral inquisitive stance towards them. Fear of oversight, we suggest, is a symptom of deeper anxieties. They can be faced by creating an appropriate setting. Properly conducted visits from outsiders are welcomed.
精神分析培训多年来一直是争议的对象。关于细节的争论非常激烈，有时被称为“要求”，特别是关于培训机构是否应该进行例行的外部验证。我们描述了这些争论，并使用在九个欧洲机构内部进行的结构化“对话”中收集的一组独特的详细观察结果，提出了关于精神分析培训所面临的核心挑战的初步结论。我们的结论是，精神分析培训是否“有效”不是符合要求的问题。相反，这是一个关于候选人和培训分析师、监督者和委员会成员如何在彼此之间面对精神分析培训不可避免地产生的无意识动态的后果的问题。机构精神分析能力将自身作为对象。因此，我们建议，那些试图声称其精神分析培训真正安全地培养精神分析师的培训委员会，将建立例行程序，以透明的方式向自己展示他们如何关注刚才提到的动态，以及他们如何对这些动态采取中立的探究立场。我们认为，对监督的恐惧是更深层次焦虑的症状。可以通过创造适当的环境来面对这些焦虑。欢迎外部人员进行适当的访问。
