Li Bai-Lin, Yuan Jie, Wu Jie-Wei
Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine.
Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2021;69(5):421-431. doi: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00743.
Rosa laevigata Michx., a medicinal and edible plant in China, has exerted a variety of medicinal values and health benefits. This present review aims to achieve a comprehensive and up-to-date investigation in the phytochemistry and pharmacology of R. laevigata. According to these findings in the literature, approximately 123 chemical ingredients covering triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannis, lignans and polysaccharides, have been characterized from various parts of this species. Among these isolates, 77 triterpenoids have been isolated and thus regarded as the primary and characteristic substance. Based on the chemical structures, most of the obtained triterpenoids can be classified into polyhydroxy triterpenoids and readily divided into four categories: ursane-type, oleanane-type, lupinane-type, as well as seco-triterpenoids. The crude extracts and the purified compounds have demonstrated various pharmacological effects in vitro and in vivo, such as antioxidant activity, immunomodulatory effect, anti-inflammatory effect, liver protection, kidney protection, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotective effect and improvement of diabetic cataract. Noticeably, these pharmacological results of R. laevigata provide evidences for its traditional uses. In addition, these different chemical ingredients existing in the title plant may have synergistic effects. In conclusion, the chemical profiles, including ingredients and structures, together with the modern pharmacological properties have been adequately summarized. These evidences have revealed this plant to be a valuable source for therapeutic foodstuff and more attention should be paid to a better utilization of this plant.
金樱子是中国一种药食两用植物，具有多种药用价值和保健功效。本综述旨在对金樱子的植物化学和药理学进行全面且最新的研究。根据文献中的这些发现，已从该物种的各个部位鉴定出约123种化学成分，包括三萜类、黄酮类、单宁类、木脂素类和多糖类。在这些分离物中，已分离出77种三萜类化合物，因此被视为主要和特征性物质。基于化学结构，大多数获得的三萜类化合物可分为多羟基三萜类，并可轻易分为四类：乌苏烷型、齐墩果烷型、羽扇豆烷型以及裂环三萜类。粗提物和纯化化合物在体外和体内均表现出多种药理作用，如抗氧化活性、免疫调节作用、抗炎作用、肝脏保护、肾脏保护、心血管保护、神经保护作用以及改善糖尿病性白内障。值得注意的是，金樱子的这些药理结果为其传统用途提供了证据。此外，该植物中存在的这些不同化学成分可能具有协同作用。总之，已充分总结了包括成分和结构在内的化学概况以及现代药理特性。这些证据表明该植物是治疗性食品的宝贵来源，应更加关注对该植物的更好利用。
