Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nat Commun. 2021 May 5;12(1):2543. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22809-6.
Many butterflies, birds, beetles, and chameleons owe their spectacular colors to the microscopic patterns within their wings, feathers, or skin. When these patterns, or photonic crystals, result in the omnidirectional reflection of commensurate wavelengths of light, it is due to a complete photonic band gap (PBG). The number of natural crystal structures known to have a PBG is relatively small, and those within the even smaller subset of notoriety, including diamond and inverse opal, have proven difficult to synthesize. Here, we report more than 150,000 photonic band calculations for thousands of natural crystal templates from which we predict 351 photonic crystal templates - including nearly 300 previously-unreported structures - that can potentially be realized for a multitude of applications and length scales, including several in the visible range via colloidal self-assembly. With this large variety of 3D photonic crystals, we also revisit and discuss oft-used primary design heuristics for PBG materials.
许多蝴蝶、鸟类、甲虫和变色龙的绚丽色彩都归因于其翅膀、羽毛或皮肤内的微观图案。当这些图案（或光子晶体）导致光的全方向反射时，这是由于完全光子带隙（PBG）的存在。已知具有 PBG 的天然晶体结构的数量相对较少，而在更为知名的子集（包括钻石和反蛋白石）中，有些晶体结构难以合成。在这里，我们报告了超过 15 万次光子带计算，涉及数千种天然晶体模板，从中我们预测了 351 种光子晶体模板 - 包括近 300 种以前未报告的结构 - 这些结构可以在多种应用和长度尺度上实现，包括通过胶体自组装在可见范围内的几种结构。通过这种多样化的 3D 光子晶体，我们还重新审视和讨论了常用于 PBG 材料的主要设计启发式方法。
