Hadianfard Habib, Kiani Behnaz, Weiss Margaret D
Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021 May;30(2):68-81. Epub 2021 May 1.
The current study aimed to investigate the frequency of impairment in different functional domains of life and the relationship between sex and age and functional impairment in school-based samples of Iranian children and adolescents.
A sample of 270 children (ages 6-11) enrolled in two public elementary schools and a sample of 386 adolescents (ages 12-17) enrolled in four public secondary schools were selected by multistage sampling. The Persian version of the parent report form and self-report form of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS-P and WFIRS-S) were used for evaluating functional impairment in children and adolescents, respectively. Two-way analyses of variance (two-way ANOVAs) were conducted to explore the main effects and the interaction effect of sex and age on functional impairment.
11.9% of children and 29.5% of adolescents showed impairment in at least two functional domains of life. The most frequent impaired domain was life skills (22.6% of children and 30.3% of adolescents). While no significant sex and age effect was found during childhood, male adolescents showed more impairment in externalizing domains and female adolescents showed more internalizing difficulties. In addition, older adolescents showed more functional impairment relative to younger adolescents.
Detailed knowledge of the relationship between sex and age and functional impairment could be a starting point to target the major psychosocial elements of these challenges.
本研究旨在调查伊朗儿童和青少年在校样本中不同生活功能领域的损害频率，以及性别、年龄与功能损害之间的关系。
通过多阶段抽样，选取了两所公立小学的270名儿童（6至11岁）和四所公立中学的386名青少年（12至17岁）作为样本。分别使用波斯语版的Weiss功能损害评定量表家长报告表（WFIRS-P）和青少年自我报告表（WFIRS-S）来评估儿童和青少年的功能损害情况。进行双向方差分析以探讨性别和年龄对功能损害的主效应和交互效应。
11.9%的儿童和29.5%的青少年在至少两个生活功能领域存在损害。最常受损的领域是生活技能（22.6%的儿童和30.3%的青少年）。虽然在儿童期未发现显著的性别和年龄效应，但男性青少年在外显领域的损害更多，而女性青少年在内化方面的困难更多。此外，年龄较大的青少年比年龄较小的青少年表现出更多的功能损害。
详细了解性别、年龄与功能损害之间的关系可能是针对这些挑战的主要心理社会因素的一个起点。
