超越执行功能和注意力困难的情绪调节：对社区青少年日常生活功能损害的影响
Emotion regulation beyond executive and attention difficulties: impact on daily life impairments in community adolescents.
作者信息
Poznyak Elena, Debbané Martin
机构信息
Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont d'Arve, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
出版信息
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2025 Apr 29;19(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s13034-025-00898-1.
BACKGROUND
It is becoming widely recognized that emotion regulation difficulties are an essential feature present along the continuum from subclinical to clinical Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Yet, it remains unclear whether and how specific processes related to emotion regulation contribute to daily life impairments, across different domains of functioning. The aim of this cross-sectional study in community adolescents was to investigate whether three processes commonly implicated in adaptive emotion regulation-emotion recognition, emotion reactivity and use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies-uniquely contribute to adolescent-rated functional impairment, above and beyond the effects of age and gender, ADHD symptoms, and individual differences in verbal ability and executive functions.
METHODS
161 adolescents from the general population (mean age = 15.57; SD = 1.61) completed the Weiss Functional Impairment Scale, the Emotion Reactivity Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Geneva Emotion Recognition Test. Hierarchical regression analysis examined the unique contributions of candidate predictors to impairment scores.
RESULTS
Total impairment scores were best predicted by older age, inattention symptoms, higher emotion reactivity, and higher use of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Emotion regulation processes were associated with interpersonal difficulties and self-concept impairments, whereas inattention symptoms were associated with school and life skills impairments.
CONCLUSIONS
This study stresses that emotion reactivity and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation represent major sources of perceived social and emotional difficulties in community adolescents. Our results also support the continuum hypothesis of attention difficulties, where emotion regulation abilities may at least partially explain the association between ADHD symptoms and social impairments. Together, these findings highlight the vital importance of targeting emotion regulation in psychotherapeutic interventions aiming to improve socio-emotional outcomes in adolescents.
背景
人们越来越普遍地认识到，情绪调节困难是从亚临床到临床注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）连续体中存在的一个基本特征。然而，与情绪调节相关的特定过程是否以及如何导致不同功能领域的日常生活受损仍不清楚。这项针对社区青少年的横断面研究的目的是调查适应性情绪调节中通常涉及的三个过程——情绪识别、情绪反应性和认知情绪调节策略的使用——在年龄、性别、ADHD症状以及语言能力和执行功能的个体差异的影响之外，是否对青少年自评的功能损害有独特的贡献。
方法
161名来自普通人群的青少年（平均年龄 = 15.57；标准差 = 1.61）完成了韦斯功能损害量表、情绪反应性量表、认知情绪调节问卷和日内瓦情绪识别测试。分层回归分析检验了候选预测因素对损害分数的独特贡献。
结果
总损害分数最好由年龄较大、注意力不集中症状、较高的情绪反应性以及较多地使用适应不良的认知情绪调节策略来预测。情绪调节过程与人际困难和自我概念损害有关，而注意力不集中症状与学校和生活技能损害有关。
结论
这项研究强调，情绪反应性和适应不良的认知情绪调节是社区青少年感知到的社会和情感困难的主要来源。我们的结果也支持注意力困难的连续体假说，即情绪调节能力可能至少部分解释了ADHD症状与社会损害之间的关联。总之，这些发现凸显了在旨在改善青少年社会情感结果的心理治疗干预中针对情绪调节的至关重要性。
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