Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda.
Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Arch Sex Behav. 2021 May;50(4):1729-1742. doi: 10.1007/s10508-020-01880-y. Epub 2021 May 5.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention strategy. Few studies have explored adolescents and young people's perspectives toward PrEP. We conducted 24 group discussions and 60 in-depth interviews with males and females aged 13-24 years in Uganda, Zimbabwe, and South Africa between September 2018 and February 2019. We used the framework approach to generate themes and key concepts for analysis following the social ecological model. Young people expressed a willingness to use PrEP and identified potential barriers and facilitators of PrEP uptake. Barriers included factors at individual (fear of HIV, fear of side effects, and PrEP characteristics), interpersonal (parental influence, absence of a sexual partner), community (peer influence, social stigma), institutional (long waiting times at clinics, attitudes of health workers), and structural (cost of PrEP and mode of administration, accessibility concerns) levels. Facilitators included factors at individual (high HIV risk perception and preventing HIV/desire to remain HIV negative), interpersonal (peer influence, social support and care for PrEP uptake), community (adequate PrEP information and sensitization, evidence of PrEP efficacy and safety), institutional (convenient and responsive services, provision of appropriate and sufficiently resourced services), and structural (access and availability of PrEP, cost of PrEP) levels. The findings indicated that PrEP is an acceptable HIV prevention method. PrEP uptake is linked to personal and environmental factors that need to be considered for successful PrEP roll-out. Multi-level interventions needed to promote PrEP uptake should consider the social and structural drivers and focus on ways that can inspire PrEP uptake and limit the barriers.
暴露前预防(PrEP)是一种有效的艾滋病预防策略。很少有研究探讨青少年和年轻人对 PrEP 的看法。我们于 2018 年 9 月至 2019 年 2 月期间在乌干达、津巴布韦和南非对 13-24 岁的男性和女性进行了 24 组小组讨论和 60 次深入访谈。我们使用框架方法,根据社会生态模式生成主题和关键概念进行分析。年轻人表示愿意使用 PrEP,并确定了 PrEP 接种的潜在障碍和促进因素。障碍包括个人层面的因素(对 HIV 的恐惧、对副作用的恐惧和 PrEP 的特征)、人际层面的因素(父母的影响、性伴侣的缺失)、社区层面的因素(同伴的影响、社会耻辱感)、机构层面的因素(诊所的候诊时间长、卫生工作者的态度)和结构层面的因素(PrEP 的成本和管理方式、获取途径的担忧)。促进因素包括个人层面的因素(高 HIV 风险认知和预防 HIV/保持 HIV 阴性的愿望)、人际层面的因素(同伴的影响、对 PrEP 接种的社会支持和关怀)、社区层面的因素(充足的 PrEP 信息和宣传、PrEP 疗效和安全性的证据)、机构层面的因素(便利和响应的服务、提供适当和充足资源的服务)和结构层面的因素(PrEP 的可及性和可用性、PrEP 的成本)。研究结果表明,PrEP 是一种可以接受的艾滋病预防方法。PrEP 的使用与个人和环境因素有关,需要考虑这些因素,以成功推出 PrEP。为促进 PrEP 的使用,需要采取多层面的干预措施,考虑社会和结构驱动因素,并注重激发 PrEP 接种和限制障碍的方法。
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