IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2021 Jul;68(7):2324-2335. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3078069. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a material with ferroelectric characteristics, is still extremely topical for the manufacturing of transducers, and different examples, some of which have been actively commercialized since the 1980s, are reported in the literature. In this work, we present a review focused on the PVDF technology for the manufacturing of in-air ultrasonic transducers, which found application in medical robotics, sonar systems, and automation industry (e.g., proximity sensors and obstacle detection). The aim is to provide a comprehensive view on the development of such ultrasonic transducers, highlighting the constructive choices and the advantages/disadvantages in a thorough and concise way.
聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）是一种具有铁电特性的材料，仍然是制造换能器的热门材料，文献中报道了不同的例子，其中一些自 20 世纪 80 年代以来已经得到积极商业化。在这项工作中，我们重点介绍了用于制造空气中超声换能器的 PVDF 技术，该技术已应用于医疗机器人、声纳系统和自动化行业（例如，接近传感器和障碍物检测）。目的是全面了解此类超声换能器的发展，以简洁明了的方式突出结构选择和优缺点。
