MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 May 7;70(18):661-666. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7018a1.
Approximately 60,000 older adults (aged ≥65 years) die from unintentional injuries each year; in 2019 these included 34,000 fall deaths, 8,000 traffic-related motor vehicle crash deaths, and 3,000 drug poisoning deaths (1). In addition, >9,000 suicide deaths occur among older adults each year (1). Deaths among older adults account for 33% of these unintentional injury deaths and 19% of suicide deaths among all age groups (1). Nonfatal injuries from these causes are more common in this age group and can lead to long-term health consequences, such as brain injury and loss of independence. This study included 2018 data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) to determine the prevalence of selected nonfatal injuries among older adults treated in emergency departments (EDs) and hospitals. Injury mechanisms among the leading causes of injury death in older adults were studied, including unintentional falls, unintentional traffic-related motor vehicle crashes, unintentional opioid overdoses, and self-harm (suicidal and nonsuicidal by any mechanism). In 2018, an estimated 2.4 million ED visits and >700,000 hospitalizations from these injuries occurred among adults aged ≥65 years. Unintentional falls accounted for >90% of the selected ED visits and hospitalizations. Injuries among older adults can be prevented (2). Educational campaigns, such as CDC's Still Going Strong* awareness campaign, that use positive messages can encourage older adults to take steps to prevent injuries. Health care providers can help prevent injuries by recommending that older patients participate in effective interventions, including referrals to physical therapy and deprescribing certain medications..
每年约有 6 万名老年人(年龄≥65 岁)死于意外伤害;2019 年,这些伤害包括 34000 例跌倒死亡、8000 例与交通相关的机动车碰撞死亡和 3000 例药物中毒死亡(1)。此外,每年有超过 9000 名老年人自杀(1)。老年人的死亡占这些非故意伤害死亡的 33%,占所有年龄组自杀死亡的 19%(1)。在这个年龄段,这些原因导致的非致命性伤害更为常见,并可能导致长期的健康后果,如脑损伤和丧失独立性。本研究包括 2018 年美国医疗保健研究与质量局医疗保健成本和利用项目(HCUP)的数据,以确定在急诊室(ED)和医院治疗的老年人中选定的非致命性伤害的流行率。研究了导致老年人伤害死亡的主要原因的伤害机制,包括非故意跌倒、非故意与交通相关的机动车碰撞、非故意阿片类药物过量和自我伤害(自杀和任何机制的非自杀)。2018 年,估计有 240 万例老年人因这些伤害到急诊就诊,超过 70 万人住院。非故意跌倒占这些急诊就诊和住院的 90%以上。老年人的伤害是可以预防的(2)。CDC 的“依然坚强*”意识运动等使用积极信息的教育活动可以鼓励老年人采取措施预防伤害。医疗保健提供者可以通过建议老年患者参与有效的干预措施,包括转介物理治疗和减少某些药物的使用,帮助预防伤害。