Violence: a product of biosocial interactions.

All behavior is seen to be a result of interactions between the brain on the one hand and environmental challenges and endogenous drives on the other. Intergenerational transfer theory fails to explain cases of habitual aggression that have no identifiable social origin, and there is compelling evidence for the existence of brain-environmental interaction. The key roles that may be played by age, gender, neurological factors, and biological defects in aggressive and antisocial behavior are reviewed.