Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental, Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
Grupo GDCON, Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52-21, Medellín, 050010, Colombia.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 6;11(1):9701. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89058-x.
Cultivation practice using organic amendments is plausible to ensure global food security. However, plant abiotic stress due to the presence of metals and organic microcontaminants (OMCs) in fertilization products cannot be overlooked. In this study, we monitored lettuce metabolism and phenotypic response following the application of either sewage sludge (SS), the organic fraction of municipal solid waste, swine manure (SM), chemical fertilizers (CF), or no amendment (C) in a greenhouse facility. The experimental set-up consisted of five treatments with five replicates (25 experimental units randomly distributed). All fertilizers were supplied at the equivalent agronomic total nitrogen dose, but the occurrence of trace metals and/or OMCs was greater in the SS and SM than the rest. Non-target metabolomic analysis (high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with partial least squares regression) identified more than 300 plant metabolites (amino acids, organic acids, sugar alcohols, and sugars), 55 of which showed significant changes in their relative abundances depending on the type of amendment. Functional analysis indicated that the use of CF or SS increased the levels of metabolites involved in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism. Therefore, although SS and SM fertilizers had a greater presence of heavy metals and/or OMCs, our results indicate that they did not induce measurable adverse effects in the lettuce phenotype or metabolism. Metabolic changes between fertilizers (CF and SS vs. C and SM) were mainly due to nitrogen availability.
采用有机肥料进行栽培实践是合理的，可以确保全球粮食安全。然而，由于施肥产品中存在金属和有机微污染物（OMCs），植物的非生物胁迫不容忽视。在本研究中，我们在温室设施中监测了生菜代谢和表型响应，分别使用了污水污泥（SS）、城市固体废物的有机部分、猪粪（SM）、化肥（CF）或不添加任何肥料（C）。实验设置包括五个处理，每个处理有五个重复（25 个实验单元随机分布）。所有肥料的施氮量均相当于农业氮用量，但 SS 和 SM 中的痕量金属和/或 OMC 含量高于其他肥料。非靶向代谢组学分析（高分辨率质谱结合偏最小二乘回归）鉴定了 300 多种植物代谢物（氨基酸、有机酸、糖醇和糖），其中 55 种代谢物的相对丰度因肥料类型而异。功能分析表明，使用 CF 或 SS 增加了参与碳水化合物和氮代谢的代谢物水平。因此，尽管 SS 和 SM 肥料中含有更多的重金属和/或 OMCs，但我们的结果表明，它们不会对生菜表型或代谢产生可测量的不良影响。肥料之间的代谢变化（CF 和 SS 与 C 和 SM）主要是由于氮的可用性。
