有和没有智力障碍儿童对立违抗性障碍的病因：初步分析
The Etiology of Oppositional Defiant Disorder for Children with and without Intellectual Disabilities: A Preliminary Analysis.
作者信息
Christensen Lisa L, Baker Bruce L
机构信息
USC University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities at Children's Hospital Los Angeles.
University of California at Los Angeles.
出版信息
J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil. 2021;14(1):50-69. doi: 10.1080/19315864.2020.1856242. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
BACKGROUND
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) appears more prevalent among children with intellectual disabilities (ID) as compared to children with typical development (Christensen et al., 2013). However, it remains unclear what drives this difference.
METHODS
Data from 70 youth with typical development (TD) and 20 youth with ID were drawn from The Collaborative Family Study. The relationships between child temperament and parent psychopathology (age 3), parenting behavior and child behavior problems (age 5), and ODD diagnosis (age 13) were explored via structural equation modeling. The predicted model was examined in the total sample, among children with and without ID separately, and with status (TD vs. ID) as a predictor.
CONCLUSION
Many of the predicted relationships hold true for youth with and without ID. However, we found an unexpected relationship between negative-controlling parenting and child externalizing behavior problems for children with ID. The positive role of parental intrusiveness for children with ID is discussed, although limitations are noted due to the small sample size and preliminary nature of this study.
背景
与发育正常的儿童相比，对立违抗障碍（ODD）在智力障碍（ID）儿童中似乎更为普遍（克里斯滕森等人，2013年）。然而，尚不清楚造成这种差异的原因。
方法
来自合作家庭研究的70名发育正常（TD）的青少年和20名智力障碍青少年的数据。通过结构方程模型探讨了儿童气质与父母精神病理学（3岁时）、养育行为与儿童行为问题（5岁时）以及对立违抗障碍诊断（13岁时）之间的关系。在总样本中、分别在有和没有智力障碍的儿童中以及以状态（发育正常与智力障碍）作为预测因素的情况下检验预测模型。
结论
许多预测的关系在有和没有智力障碍的青少年中都成立。然而，我们发现对于智力障碍儿童，消极控制型养育方式与儿童外化行为问题之间存在意外关系。讨论了父母侵扰对智力障碍儿童的积极作用，不过由于本研究样本量小且具有初步性质，也指出了局限性。
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