Mazina M Yu, Vorobyeva N E
Institute of Gene Biology RAS, Group of transcriptional complexes dynamics, Moscow, 119334 Russia.
Acta Naturae. 2021 Jan-Mar;13(1):16-30. doi: 10.32607/actanaturae.11101.
Histone-modifying and remodeling complexes are considered the main coregulators that affect transcription by changing the chromatin structure. Coordinated action by these complexes is essential for the transcriptional activation of any eukaryotic gene. In this review, we discuss current trends in the study of histone modifiers and chromatin remodelers, including the functional impact of transcriptional proteins/ complexes i.e., "pioneers"; remodeling and modification of non-histone proteins by transcriptional complexes; the supplementary functions of the non-catalytic subunits of remodelers, and the participation of histone modifiers in the "pause" of RNA polymerase II. The review also includes a scheme illustrating the mechanisms of recruitment of the main classes of remodelers and chromatin modifiers to various sites in the genome and their functional activities.
组蛋白修饰和重塑复合体被认为是通过改变染色质结构来影响转录的主要共调节因子。这些复合体的协同作用对于任何真核基因的转录激活至关重要。在本综述中，我们讨论了组蛋白修饰因子和染色质重塑因子研究的当前趋势，包括转录蛋白/复合体即“先锋因子”的功能影响；转录复合体对非组蛋白的重塑和修饰；重塑因子非催化亚基的补充功能，以及组蛋白修饰因子在RNA聚合酶II“暂停”中的参与。本综述还包括一个示意图，阐明了主要类别的重塑因子和染色质修饰因子被招募到基因组中不同位点的机制及其功能活性。
