Rico Mikel, Flamarique Sonia, Casares Cristina, García Tamara, López Miriam, Martínez Maribel, Serrano Javier, Blanco Manuel, Hernanz Raúl, de Ingunza-Barón Lourdes, Marcos Francisco José, Couñago Felipe
Department of Radiation Oncology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Navarra, Spain.
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza 50009, Aragón, Spain.
World J Clin Oncol. 2021 Apr 24;12(4):195-216. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i4.195.
Thymic epithelial tumours (TET) are rare, heterogeneous neoplasms that range from resectable indolent tumours to aggressive thymic carcinomas with a strong tendency to metastasize. The pathological diagnosis is complex, in part due to the existence of several different classification systems. The evidence base for the management of TETs is scant and mainly based on non-randomised studies and retrospective series. Consequently, the clinical management of TETs tends to be highly heterogenous, which makes it difficult to improve the evidence level. The role of technological advances in the field of radiotherapy and new systemic therapies in the treatment of TETs has received little attention to date. In the present clinical guidelines, developed by the GOECP/SEOR, we review recent developments in the diagnosis and classification of TETs. We also present a consensus-based therapeutic strategy for each disease stage that takes into consideration the best available evidence. These guidelines focus primarily on the role of radiotherapy, including recent advances, in the management of TETs. The main aim of this document is to promote the standardisation of clinical practice and lay the foundations for future studies to clarify the main unresolved questions related to the optimal management of TET.
胸腺上皮肿瘤（TET）是罕见的异质性肿瘤，范围从可切除的惰性肿瘤到具有强烈转移倾向的侵袭性胸腺癌。病理诊断很复杂，部分原因是存在几种不同的分类系统。TET管理的证据基础不足，主要基于非随机研究和回顾性系列研究。因此，TET的临床管理往往高度异质，这使得提高证据水平变得困难。放射治疗领域的技术进步和新的全身治疗方法在TET治疗中的作用迄今很少受到关注。在由GOECP/SEOR制定的本临床指南中，我们回顾了TET诊断和分类的最新进展。我们还针对每个疾病阶段提出了基于共识的治疗策略，该策略考虑了现有最佳证据。这些指南主要关注放射治疗在TET管理中的作用，包括最近的进展。本文件的主要目的是促进临床实践的标准化，并为未来研究奠定基础，以阐明与TET最佳管理相关的主要未解决问题。
