Government Pharmacy College, Sajong, Rumtek, Gangtok 737135, India.
Centre for Advanced Research (CFAR), Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow 226003, India.
Methods. 2021 Nov;195:29-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.04.026. Epub 2021 May 5.
Therapeutic approaches to COVID-19 treatment require appropriate inhibitors to target crucial proteins of SARS-CoV-2 replication machinery. It's been approximately 12 months since the pandemic started, yet no known specific drugs are available. However, research progresses with time in terms of high throughput virtual screening (HTVS) and rational design of repurposed, novel synthetic and natural products discovery by understanding the viral life cycle, immuno-pathological and clinical outcomes in patients based on host's nutritional, metabolic, and lifestyle status. Further, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) approaches have also improved resiliency and immune responses. In this article, we summarize all the therapeutic antiviral strategies for COVID-19 drug discovery including computer aided virtual screening, repurposed drugs, immunomodulators, vaccines, plasma therapy, various adjunct therapies, and phage technology to unravel insightful mechanistic pathways of targeting SARS-CoV-2 and host's intrinsic, innate immunity at multiple checkpoints that aid in the containment of the disease.
治疗 COVID-19 的方法需要适当的抑制剂来针对 SARS-CoV-2 复制机制的关键蛋白。自疫情开始以来，已经过去了大约 12 个月，但目前尚无已知的特效药物。然而，随着时间的推移，基于宿主的营养、代谢和生活方式状况，研究在高通量虚拟筛选 (HTVS) 和重新利用、新型合成和天然产物发现的合理设计方面取得了进展，了解病毒的生命周期、免疫病理和临床结果。此外，补充和替代医学 (CAM) 方法也提高了弹性和免疫反应。本文总结了 COVID-19 药物发现的所有抗病毒治疗策略，包括计算机辅助虚拟筛选、重新利用的药物、免疫调节剂、疫苗、血浆疗法、各种辅助疗法和噬菌体技术，以揭示针对 SARS-CoV-2 和宿主内在、先天免疫的有见地的机制途径，在多个检查点上有助于控制疾病。
