Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, USA; College of Optometry, Ohio State University, USA.
College of Optometry, Ohio State University, USA.
Vision Res. 2021 Aug;185:77-87. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2021.04.001. Epub 2021 May 4.
Deuteranomalous color matching behavior is different from normal because the middle-wavelength sensitive cones contain an abnormal L' pigment instead of the M pigment of the normal observer. However, there is growing evidence that deuteranomalous color experience is not very different from that of normal trichromats. Here, normal and deuteranomalous observers chose monochromatic unique yellow lights. They also chose broadband lights, displayed on a computer monitor, that corresponded to eight special colors: the Hering unique hues (red, yellow, green, blue), and binary colors perceptually midway between them (orange, lime, cyan, purple). Deuteranomalous monochromatic unique yellow was shifted towards red, but all the broadband special color selections were physically similar for normal and deuteranomalous observers. Deuteranomalous special colors, including monochromatic unique yellow, were similar to those of normal observers when expressed in a color-opponent chromaticity diagram based on their own visual pigments, but only if (1) color-opponent responses were normalized to white, and (2) the deuteranomalous diagram was expanded along the r - g dimension to compensate for the reduced difference between deuteranomalous L- and L'-cone photopigments. Particularly, deuteranomalous observers did not choose binary colors with extra r - g impact to overcome their insensitivity along the r - g dimension. This result can only be compatible with the known abnormality of the deuteranomalous L' photopigment if deuteranomalous observers adjust their perceptual representation of colors to compensate for their color vision deficiency.
二色视者的颜色匹配行为与正常人不同，因为中波敏感锥体含有异常的 L' 色素，而不是正常人观察到的 M 色素。然而，越来越多的证据表明，二色视者的颜色体验与正常人的三原色相差不大。在这里，正常人和二色视者选择了单色独特的黄色光。他们还选择了在计算机显示器上显示的宽带光，这些宽带光对应于八种特殊颜色：Hering 独特色调（红、黄、绿、蓝），以及它们之间感知到的二元颜色（橙、酸橙、青、紫）。二色视者的单色独特黄色向红色偏移，但对于正常人和二色视者来说，所有宽带特殊颜色的选择在物理上都很相似。二色视者的特殊颜色，包括单色独特黄色，在基于他们自己的视觉色素的颜色对立色度图中表示时，与正常人观察者的颜色相似，但只有（1）颜色对立反应被归一化为白色，以及（2）二色视者的图表沿着 r - g 维度扩展，以补偿二色视者 L-和 L'-锥体视色素之间差异的减小。特别是，二色视者没有选择具有额外 r - g 影响的二元颜色来克服他们在 r - g 维度上的不敏感性。如果二色视者调整他们对颜色的感知表示来补偿他们的色觉缺陷，那么这个结果只能与二色视者 L' 视色素的已知异常相容。
