Basim Fatemeh, Ishaq Arsiak, Macyczko Jesse R, Goddard Erin, Honson Vanessa, Kim Juno, Jameson Kimberly A, Webster Michael A
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2025 May 1;42(5):B245-B255. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.546890.
The stimuli that appear achromatic anchor color space and exhibit multiple properties that reflect an alignment of color vision with spectral characteristics of the chromatic environment. We examined how well this alignment is preserved in individuals with anomalous trichromacy. Observers viewed stimuli spanning a range of chromaticities and luminance contrasts relative to a nominal gray background of varying luminance, and classified the stimuli as achromatic (white or gray) or chromatic (one of eight color terms). For color-normal observers, the achromatic categories were constrained in size and tended to vary along a blue-yellow axis, with a bias toward blue. Anomalous observers had larger achromatic regions and less evidence for a blue-yellow orientation. However, the range of stimuli labeled as achromatic was often substantially smaller than the range predicted by their threshold sensitivity losses. This discrepancy is consistent with partial compensation of color perception or color naming for the altered spectral sensitivities of anomalous trichromats.
那些呈现为消色差的刺激锚定了颜色空间，并展现出多种特性，这些特性反映了颜色视觉与彩色环境光谱特征的一致性。我们研究了这种一致性在三色视觉异常个体中保留的程度。观察者观察相对于不同亮度的标称灰色背景具有一系列色度和亮度对比度的刺激，并将这些刺激分类为消色差（白色或灰色）或彩色（八个颜色术语之一）。对于颜色正常的观察者，消色差类别在大小上受到限制，并且倾向于沿着蓝黄轴变化，偏向蓝色。异常观察者有更大的消色差区域，且蓝黄取向的证据较少。然而，被标记为消色差的刺激范围通常比由其阈值敏感度损失预测的范围小得多。这种差异与三色视觉异常者改变的光谱敏感度下颜色感知或颜色命名的部分补偿是一致的。
