异常姿势感知与精神病临床高危。
Abnormal Gesture Perception and Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
出版信息
Schizophr Bull. 2021 Jul 8;47(4):938-947. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbab056.
Individuals diagnosed with psychotic disorders exhibit abnormalities in the perception of expressive behaviors, which are linked to symptoms and visual information processing domains. Specifically, literature suggests these groups have difficulties perceiving gestures that accompany speech. While our understanding of gesture perception in psychotic disorders is growing, gesture perception abnormalities and clues about potential causes and consequences among individuals meeting criteria for a clinical high-risk (CHR) syndrome is limited. Presently, 29 individuals with a CHR syndrome and 32 healthy controls completed an eye-tracking gesture perception paradigm. In this task, participants viewed an actor using abstract and literal gestures while presenting a story and eye gaze data (eg, fixation counts and total fixation time) was collected. Furthermore, relationships between fixation variables and both symptoms (positive, negative, anxiety, and depression) and measures of visual information processing (working memory and attention) were examined. Findings revealed that the CHR group gazed at abstract gestures fewer times than the control group. When individuals in the CHR group did gaze at abstract gestures, on average, they spent significantly less time fixating compared to controls. Furthermore, reduced fixation (ie, count and time) was related to depression and slower response time on an attentional task. While a similar pattern of group differences in the same direction appeared for literal gestures, the effect was not significant. These data highlight the importance of integrating gesture perception abnormalities into vulnerability models of psychosis and inform the development of targeted treatments for social communicative deficits.
个体被诊断患有精神病障碍时,会表现出表情行为感知异常,这与症状和视觉信息处理领域有关。具体而言,文献表明这些群体在感知伴随言语的手势时存在困难。尽管我们对精神病障碍中的手势感知的理解在不断增加,但在符合临床高风险(CHR)综合征标准的个体中,手势感知异常以及关于潜在原因和后果的线索仍然有限。目前,有 29 名 CHR 综合征患者和 32 名健康对照者完成了一项眼动追踪手势感知范式。在这个任务中,参与者观看了一个演员使用抽象和具体手势来讲述一个故事,同时收集了眼动数据(例如,注视次数和总注视时间)。此外,还检查了注视变量与症状(阳性、阴性、焦虑和抑郁)以及视觉信息处理(工作记忆和注意力)测量值之间的关系。研究结果表明,CHR 组注视抽象手势的次数少于对照组。当 CHR 组的个体确实注视抽象手势时,他们的平均注视时间明显短于对照组。此外,减少的注视(即计数和时间)与抑郁和注意力任务的反应时间较慢有关。虽然对于具体手势也出现了相同方向的组间差异模式,但效果不显著。这些数据强调了将手势感知异常纳入精神病易感性模型的重要性,并为社交沟通缺陷的针对性治疗提供了信息。