Fu Yuwei, Lin Weiwei, Yang Yuan, Du Ranran, Gao Dongping
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences-Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Information, 3 Yabao Rd, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2021 May 8;21(1):438. doi: 10.1186/s12913-021-06410-7.
Based on the "China Migrants Dynamic Survey-Special investigation on Floating Elderly in 8 megacities in 2015", the health status and the utilization of medical and health services in floating elderly were described and analyzed.
Scientific basis and critical suggestions are provided for improving the utilization level of medical and health services in the floating elderly and designing targeted health policies to improve their well-being.
The rank-sum test and Pearson χ test were used to compare the health status of floating elderly with different characteristics. Thereafter based on Andersen model, floating characteristics were added and binary logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of medical and health service utilization in the floating elderly.
About 94.7% of the floating elderly were self-assessed as healthy/basically healthy. About 24.2% had hypertension or diabetes as diagnosed by the qualified doctors. About 7% suffered from diseases that required hospitalization. Only 28.6% of the floating elderly with hypertension or diabetes had visited a doctor for follow-up. In the case of minor ailments, only 48.7% decided to visit the clinics. Approximately 70.7% of the floating elderly had used in-patient services when they suffered from diseases requiring hospitalization.
The floating elderly were observed to be generally in good health but a high prevalence of hypertension or diabetes was observed among them. The cultivation of health awareness was found to be of great significance contributing to the improvement of the overall health level among the floating elderly. The basic medical insurance coverage was low, and the medical and health services were found to be severely underutilized. Adequate social support can promote the health of the floating elderly and improve their utilization of medical and health services. The floating reasons, scope and years of the elderly significantly affected their health status and the utilization rate of the basic public health services.
基于“2015年中国流动人口动态监测调查——八大城市流动老年人专项调查”，对流动老年人的健康状况及医疗卫生服务利用情况进行描述与分析。
为提高流动老年人医疗卫生服务利用水平、制定针对性的健康政策以改善其健康状况提供科学依据和关键建议。
采用秩和检验与Pearson χ检验比较不同特征流动老年人的健康状况。之后基于安德森模型，加入流动特征，采用二元logistic回归探索流动老年人医疗卫生服务利用的影响因素。
约94.7%的流动老年人自评为健康/基本健康。约24.2%经合格医生诊断患有高血压或糖尿病。约7%患有需住院治疗的疾病。高血压或糖尿病患者中仅28.6%进行过复诊。患小病时，仅48.7%决定去诊所就诊。约70.7%的流动老年人在患有需住院治疗的疾病时使用过住院服务。
流动老年人总体健康状况良好，但高血压或糖尿病患病率较高。培养健康意识对提高流动老年人整体健康水平具有重要意义。基本医疗保险覆盖率低，医疗卫生服务利用严重不足。充足的社会支持可促进流动老年人健康并提高其医疗卫生服务利用率。老年人的流动原因、范围及年限显著影响其健康状况和基本公共卫生服务利用率。
