广西少数民族地区卫生资源效率及其影响因素评估：2010年至2022年数据

Evaluation of Health Resource Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in Ethnic Minority Areas of Guangxi: Data from 2010 to 2022.

作者信息

Tang Zhuanzhi, Tang Ajuan, Sun Zhe, Cao Gai, Cao Rong

机构信息

School of Public Administration (School of Emergency Management), Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710127, People's Republic of China.

Pediatric Department, Guilin Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2025 Aug 18;18:2713-2730. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S534921. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.2147/RMHP.S534921

PMID:40862292

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12372844/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Measuring the efficiency of health resources is one of the tools for determining how resources are utilized. Considering the necessity of assessing health resource efficiency, this study aims to evaluate the efficiency of health resource allocation and its influencing factors in Guangxi, a minority region.

METHODS

An input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (BCC-DEA) and the Malmquist index model were employed to analyze the static and intertemporal efficiency of health resource allocation in 14 cities in Guangxi from 2010 to 2022. Finally, a Tobit regression model was used to estimate the factors influencing health resource allocation efficiency.

RESULTS

Since the implementation of the new healthcare reform in 2009, the quantity of health resources in Guangxi has increased substantially. The average annual growth rate of total factor productivity change for health resources from 2010 to 2022 was 4.6%. However, the overall efficiency of health resource allocation remained low at 0.675, falling short of DEA effectiveness, with notable disparities across cities. Tobit regression analysis indicated that per capita disposable income (β = 0.252, 95% CI = 0.000-0.505) and the proportion of healthcare expenditure (β = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.004-0.017) were positively associated with efficiency scores, while population density (β = -0.001, 95% CI = -0.0007 - -0.0002) was negatively associated. These findings were further validated through a two-stage bootstrap truncated regression.

CONCLUSION

The efficiency of health resource allocation in Guangxi remains in need of improvement due to issues such as insufficient technological innovation and an unscientific allocation of resource scale. It is recommended that relevant authorities increase investments in health funding and technological innovation, improve institutional mechanisms, and allocate health resources in a scientific and rational manner.

摘要

目的

衡量卫生资源效率是确定资源利用方式的工具之一。鉴于评估卫生资源效率的必要性，本研究旨在评估少数民族地区广西的卫生资源配置效率及其影响因素。

方法

采用投入导向型数据包络分析（BCC-DEA）和Malmquist指数模型，分析2010年至2022年广西14个城市卫生资源配置的静态和跨期效率。最后，使用Tobit回归模型估计影响卫生资源配置效率的因素。

结果

自2009年新医改实施以来，广西卫生资源数量大幅增加。2010年至2022年卫生资源全要素生产率变化的年均增长率为4.6%。然而，卫生资源配置的总体效率仍较低，为0.675，未达到DEA有效，各城市之间存在显著差异。Tobit回归分析表明，人均可支配收入（β = 0.252，95%CI = 0.000 - 0.505）和医疗保健支出占比（β = 0.011，95%CI = 0.…… - 0.017）与效率得分呈正相关，而人口密度（β = -0.001，95%CI = -0.0007 - -0.0002）与效率得分呈负相关。这些发现通过两阶段Bootstrap截断回归得到进一步验证。