Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 009821 Tehran, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), 009821 Tehran, Iran.
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 009821 Tehran, Iran.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2021 Aug;97:107669. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107669. Epub 2021 May 6.
Organ transplantation is a practical treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. Despite the advances in short-term graft survival, long-term graft survival remains the main challenge considering the increased mortality and morbidity associated with chronic rejection and the toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs. Since a novel therapeutic strategy to induce allograft tolerance seems urgent, focusing on developing novel and safe approaches to prolong graft survival is one of the main goals of transplant investigators. Researchers in the field of organ transplantation are interested in suppressing or optimizing the immune responses by focusing on immune cells including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), polyclonal regulatory Tcells (Tregs), and antigen-specific Tregs engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR Tregs). We review the mechanistic pathways, phenotypic and functional characteristics of these cells, and their promising application in organ transplantation.
器官移植是治疗终末期器官衰竭患者的一种切实可行的方法。尽管短期移植物存活率有所提高，但考虑到与慢性排斥反应相关的死亡率和发病率增加以及免疫抑制药物的毒性，长期移植物存活率仍然是主要挑战。由于诱导同种异体移植耐受的新治疗策略似乎迫在眉睫，因此，专注于开发延长移植物存活的新的、安全的方法是移植研究人员的主要目标之一。器官移植领域的研究人员有兴趣通过专注于免疫细胞，包括间充质干细胞（MSCs）、多克隆调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）和嵌合抗原受体（CAR Tregs）工程化的抗原特异性 Tregs，来抑制或优化免疫反应。我们综述了这些细胞的机制途径、表型和功能特征及其在器官移植中的有前景的应用。
